尼日利亚埃努古的家用燃气工人和工程部员工中与工作相关的肌肉骨骼症状的流行情况及其相关危险因素：一项横断面研究。
Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms and associated risk factors among domestic gas workers and staff of works department in Enugu, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Physiotherapy Department, Medical Center, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.
Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria.
出版信息
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020 Sep 1;21(1):587. doi: 10.1186/s12891-020-03615-5.
BACKGROUND
The impact of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WMSS) permeates various occupations.
OBJECTIVE
To compare WMSS and associated risk factors among domestic gas workers (DGWs) and staff of Works Department (SWD) in Enugu.
METHODS
One-hundred adults (DGW = 50, SWD = 50) participated in this cross-sectional study. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and a demographics questionnaire were used to assess the prevalence of WMSS and related risk factors. Data were analysed using independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U, chi-square, and logistic regression at p < 0.05.
RESULTS
The DGWs (86%) had a significantly (χ2 = 24.45, p < 0.001) higher WMSS than the SWD (38%). Lower-back (54%) and shoulder (52%) were the most affected body parts among the DGWs in comparison to the hips/thighs (20%) among the SWD. Work-related factors such as daily work-duration (χ2 = 75.44, p < 0.001), lifting training (χ2 = 96.24, p < 0.001), and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) of facemask (χ2 = 100.0, p < 0.001) and gloves (χ2 = 96.09, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with general WMSS among the DGWs. However, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR = 1.29, p = 0.018), work duration > 8 h/day (OR = 0.001, p = 0.028), female gender (OR = 6.98-10.26, p < 0.05), sleep duration < 6 h/day (OR = 0.56-0.73, p < 0.05) and poor exercise behaviour (OR = 0.15, p = 0.013) were the identified independent risk factors of WMSS among DGWs, while DBP (OR = 0.99, p = 0.012) and female gender (OR = 6.47, p = 0.032) were the only identified independent risk factors for SWD.
CONCLUSION
WMSS is significantly higher among DGWs than the SWD. High DBP, female gender, working beyond 8 h per day, sleeping less than 6 h per day, and insufficient exercise increase the risks of WMSDs, especially among the DGWs. To mitigate the adverse effects of WMSDs, SWD and DGWs require break and leave periods, PPE and assistive devices, exercise, medical check-up, and workplace ergonomics.
背景
与工作相关的肌肉骨骼症状（WMSS）对各种职业都有影响。
目的
比较恩古努的家用煤气工人（DGW）和工程部工作人员（SWD）中的 WMSS 及相关危险因素。
方法
100 名成年人（DGW=50，SWD=50）参与了这项横断面研究。使用北欧肌肉骨骼问卷和人口统计学问卷评估 WMSS 及相关危险因素的患病率。使用独立 t 检验或曼-惠特尼 U 检验、卡方检验和逻辑回归进行数据分析，p 值<0.05。
结果
DGW（86%）的 WMSS 明显高于 SWD（38%）（χ2=24.45，p<0.001）。与 SWD 相比，DGW 中最常受影响的身体部位是下背部（54%）和肩部（52%），而 SWD 中最常受影响的身体部位是臀部/大腿（20%）。与 DGW 中的一般 WMSS 显著相关的工作相关因素包括每日工作时间（χ2=75.44，p<0.001）、举重训练（χ2=96.24，p<0.001）和个人防护设备（PPE）的使用，包括面罩（χ2=100.0，p<0.001）和手套（χ2=96.09，p<0.001）。然而，舒张压（DBP）（OR=1.29，p=0.018）、每日工作时间>8 小时（OR=0.001，p=0.028）、女性（OR=6.98-10.26，p<0.05）、睡眠<6 小时/天（OR=0.56-0.73，p<0.05）和运动行为不佳（OR=0.15，p=0.013）是 DGW 中 WMSS 的独立危险因素，而 DBP（OR=0.99，p=0.012）和女性（OR=6.47，p=0.032）是 SWD 中 WMSS 的唯一独立危险因素。
结论
与 SWD 相比，DGW 中的 WMSS 明显更高。高 DBP、女性、每日工作时间超过 8 小时、睡眠<6 小时/天以及运动不足会增加 WMSD 的风险，尤其是在 DGW 中。为了减轻 WMSD 的不良影响，SWD 和 DGW 需要休息和休假、个人防护设备和辅助设备、运动、体检和工作场所人体工程学。
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