Guo Fuyu, Bao Li, Wang Hanrui, Larson Steven L, Ballard John H, Knotek-Smith Heather M, Zhang Qinku, Su Yi, Wang Xingxiang, Han Fengxiang
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States.
Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
MethodsX. 2020 Aug 12;7:101022. doi: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.101022. eCollection 2020.
Biochar is a stable carbon rich by-product synthesized through pyrolysis of plant and animal based biomass, and nano-biochar material has gained increasing attention due to its unique properties for environmental applications. In the present study, a simple cost-effective method for the synthesis of biochar nanoparticles through hydrothermally using agricultural residuals and by-products was developed. Both soybean straw and cattle manure were selected as the feedstock to produce the bulk-biochar. The synthesis procedure involved the digestion of the bulk-biochar with concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid in a high pressure condition using a hydrothermal reactor. The suspension was isolated using vacuum filtration with 0.22-μm membrane followed by drying at 65 °C in an oven. Scanning electron microscopy results revealed that both of the biochars had a well-developed porous structure following pyrolysis. Both transmission electron microscopy and the dynamic light scattering results of the hydrothermally treated biochar indicated that the soybean straw and cattle manure biochar nanodots had an average of 5-nm and 4-nm in size, respectively. Overall two raw materials produced 8.5-10% biochar nanodots. The present method presents a simple, quick and cost-effective method for synthesis of biochar nanodots. The method provided a useful tool discovering the applicability biochar nanodots for environmental applications. • Nano-biochar formation from bulk-biochar using hydrothermal reactor • Evaluate nano-biochar's environmental fate and behavior in soil and water • Synthesize multifunctional adsorbent using nano-biochar as primary material.
生物炭是一种通过植物和动物生物质热解合成的富含稳定碳的副产品，而纳米生物炭材料因其在环境应用中的独特性能而受到越来越多的关注。在本研究中，开发了一种利用农业废弃物和副产品通过水热法合成生物炭纳米颗粒的简单且经济高效的方法。选择大豆秸秆和牛粪作为原料来制备块状生物炭。合成过程包括在高压条件下使用水热反应器用浓硝酸和浓硫酸消化块状生物炭。通过0.22μm的膜进行真空过滤分离悬浮液，然后在65℃的烘箱中干燥。扫描电子显微镜结果表明，两种生物炭在热解后都具有发达的多孔结构。水热处理生物炭的透射电子显微镜和动态光散射结果均表明，大豆秸秆和牛粪生物炭纳米点的平均尺寸分别为5nm和4nm。总体而言，两种原料产生了8.5-10%的生物炭纳米点。本方法为生物炭纳米点的合成提供了一种简单、快速且经济高效的方法。该方法为探索生物炭纳米点在环境应用中的适用性提供了有用的工具。• 使用水热反应器从块状生物炭形成纳米生物炭• 评估纳米生物炭在土壤和水中的环境归宿和行为• 使用纳米生物炭作为主要材料合成多功能吸附剂。
