Zhen J, Chan C, Schoonees A, Apatu E, Thabane L, Young T
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
S Afr Med J. 2020 May 7;110(6):478-483.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous countries worldwide declared national states of emergency and implemented interventions to minimise the risk of transmission among the public. Evidence was needed to inform strategies for limiting COVID-19 transmission on public transport. On 20 March 2020, we searched MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Web of Science and the World Health Organization's database of 'Global research on coronavirus disease (COVID-19)' to conduct a rapid review on interventions that reduce viral transmission on public ground transport. After screening 74 records, we identified 4 eligible studies. These studies suggest an increased risk of viral transmission with public transportation use that may be reduced with improved ventilation. International and national guidelines suggest the following strategies: keep the public informed, stay at home when sick, and minimise public transport use. Where use is unavoidable, environmental control, respiratory etiquette and hand hygiene are recommended, while a risk-based approach needs to guide the use of non-medical masks.
为应对新冠疫情，全球众多国家宣布进入国家紧急状态并实施干预措施，以尽量降低公众间的传播风险。需要证据来为限制公共交通中新冠病毒传播的策略提供依据。2020年3月20日，我们检索了MEDLINE、CENTRAL、科学网以及世界卫生组织的“全球冠状病毒病（COVID-19）研究”数据库，以快速回顾减少公共地面交通中病毒传播的干预措施。在筛选了74条记录后，我们确定了4项符合条件的研究。这些研究表明，使用公共交通会增加病毒传播风险，而改善通风可能会降低这种风险。国际和国家指南建议采取以下策略：向公众提供信息、生病时居家、尽量减少使用公共交通。在不可避免要使用公共交通的情况下，建议采取环境控制、呼吸道礼仪和手部卫生措施，同时需要采用基于风险的方法来指导非医用口罩的使用。
