Yu Bin, Sang Qi, Pan Guoqing, Li Chunfeng, Zhou Zeyang
State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Insects. 2020 Sep 1;11(9):586. doi: 10.3390/insects11090586.
The Toll-Spätzle pathway is a crucial defense mechanism in insect innate immunity, it plays an important role in fighting against pathogens through the regulation of antimicrobial peptide gene expression. Although and () genes have been identified in , little is known regarding the specific and genes members involved in innate immunity. There is also limited direct evidence of the interaction between Spz and Toll. In this study, the dual-luciferase reporter assay results showed that BmToll11 and BmToll9-1 could activate both and promoters in S2 cells. Furthermore, , , and five genes were found to be significantly upregulated in infected by and . Additionally, the yeast two-hybrid assay results confirmed that BmSpz2, but not other BmSpzs, could interact with both BmToll11 and BmToll9-1. These findings suggest that the activated BmSpz2 can bind with BmToll11 and BmToll9-1 to induce the expression of AMPs after the silkworm is infected by pathogens.
Toll-Spätzle信号通路是昆虫先天免疫中的关键防御机制，它通过调节抗菌肽基因表达在对抗病原体方面发挥重要作用。尽管在[具体物种]中已经鉴定出了[相关基因名称]基因，但对于参与先天免疫的特定[相关基因名称]基因成员了解甚少。Spz与Toll之间相互作用的直接证据也很有限。在本研究中，双荧光素酶报告基因检测结果表明，BmToll11和BmToll9-1能够在S2细胞中激活[相关基因名称]和[相关基因名称]启动子。此外，发现[相关基因名称]、[相关基因名称]和五个[相关基因名称]基因在被[病原体名称]和[病原体名称]感染的[昆虫名称]中显著上调。另外，酵母双杂交检测结果证实，BmSpz2而非其他BmSpzs能够与BmToll11和BmToll9-1相互作用。这些发现表明，家蚕被病原体感染后，活化的BmSpz2可与BmToll11和BmToll9-1结合以诱导抗菌肽的表达。
