Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2020 Oct 6;54(19):12001-12012. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02255. Epub 2020 Sep 15.
Numerous studies have reported the environmental contamination with traditional organophosphate triesters (tri-OPEs), but there is very little information on emerging tri-OPEs and organophosphate diesters (di-OPEs), especially in e-waste recycling areas. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive survey to monitor a broad suite of 11 traditional tri-OPEs, 12 emerging OPEs, and 10 di-OPEs in indoor dust collected from the workshops of ( = 42) and residential homes adjacent to ( = 24) a mega e-waste recycling industrial park in South China. In addition to traditional tri-OPEs, all of the emerging OPEs and di-OPEs were frequently detected in the dust samples. Total concentrations of emerging tri-OPEs and di-OPEs were in the range of 1210-62 900 and 2010-55 600 ng/g in the workshop dust and 435-23 700 and 186-4350 ng/g in the local home dust, respectively, which were comparable to those of traditional tri-OPEs (1160-61 500 and 370-13 900 ng/g, respectively). Most OPEs exhibited significantly higher concentrations in workshop dust versus local home dust ( < 0.05), indicating that e-waste dismantling activities contributed to the high residues of OPEs in indoor dust. Correlation analysis revealed that tri-OPEs have some common emission sources, i.e., e-waste and household products, while di-OPEs could originate from different sources, e.g., tri-OPE degradation, direct commercial application, and impurities in tri-OPE formulas. For both occupational workers and local adults, the median estimated daily intake values of emerging tri-OPEs (7.5 and 1.7 ng/kg bw/day, respectively) and di-OPEs (3.9 and 0.2 ng/kg bw/day, respectively) were comparable to that of traditional tri-OPEs (4.3 and 1.0 ng/kg bw/day, respectively), which suggests the important contribution of the emerging tri-OPEs and di-OPEs to the overall risks of human external exposure to OPE chemicals.
已有大量研究报告了传统有机磷酸三酯（三-OPEs）对环境的污染情况，但有关新兴的三-OPEs 和有机磷酸二酯（二-OPEs）的信息却很少，尤其是在电子废物回收地区。在本研究中，我们进行了一项全面调查，以监测中国南方一个大型电子废物回收工业园区附近的车间（= 42）和住宅（= 24）室内灰尘中广泛的 11 种传统三-OPEs、12 种新兴 OPEs 和 10 种二-OPEs。除了传统的三-OPEs，所有新兴的 OPEs 和二-OPEs都在灰尘样本中频繁被检测到。在车间灰尘中，新兴三-OPEs 和二-OPEs 的总浓度范围分别为 1210-62900 和 2010-55600 ng/g，而在当地家庭灰尘中的浓度范围分别为 435-23700 和 186-4350 ng/g，与传统三-OPEs（分别为 1160-61500 和 370-13900 ng/g）相当。大多数 OPEs 在车间灰尘中的浓度明显高于当地家庭灰尘（<0.05），表明电子废物拆解活动导致室内灰尘中 OPEs 残留较高。相关分析表明，三-OPEs 有一些共同的排放源，即电子废物和家用产品，而二-OPEs 可能来自不同的来源，如三-OPEs 的降解、直接商业应用和三-OPEs 配方中的杂质。对于职业工人和当地成年人，新兴三-OPEs（分别为 7.5 和 1.7 ng/kg bw/day）和二-OPEs（分别为 3.9 和 0.2 ng/kg bw/day）的估计日摄入量中位数与传统三-OPEs（分别为 4.3 和 1.0 ng/kg bw/day）相当，这表明新兴三-OPEs 和二-OPEs 对人类接触 OPE 化学品的总体外部风险有重要贡献。
