Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy.
Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy.
Talanta. 2020 Nov 1;219:121256. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121256. Epub 2020 Jun 27.
This study focuses on the application of stable carbon isotope analysis to determine the origin of commercial surfactants and cleaning products, especially used in quality process by chemical companies. The δC value was applied to commercial surfactants, such as ethoxylate alcohol, sodium lauryl sulfate, alkyl polyglucoside with different origin, that are the most common raw materials used in cleaning products. In this study, the isotopic analysis was performed on mixtures of commercial surfactants to simulate the commercial detergent formulations (handwashing, multisurface cleaner and degreaser) and then on bulk professional cleaning products to match relationship between isotope carbon composition and concentration of surfactants in real samples. This study demonstrated that δC was correlated to the origin of surfactants. In particular we analyzed five samples of biobased surfactants, with δC value from -22,6‰ to -28,0‰, and six samples from carbon fossil raw material, with δC value from -28,5‰ to -32,0‰, which were the most common raw material used in commercial cleaning products. Isotope carbon composition was also applied on mixtures of biobased and fossil surfactants to simulate and perform the method for stable carbon isotope analysis of commercial cleaning products. Furthemore the results assessed the relationship between stable carbon isotope ratio values and surfactant concentration in mixtures: for example in 50% mixtures of biobased (δC -22,6‰) and synthetic surfactant (δC -32,5‰), we found a δC value -28,00‰. The main advantage in using δC analysis is related to cheapness and easy-to-operate method in comparison to radiocarbon methodology.
本研究侧重于应用稳定碳同位素分析来确定商业表面活性剂和清洁产品的来源，特别是应用于化学公司的质量过程。δC 值应用于不同来源的商业表面活性剂，如乙氧基醇、十二烷基硫酸钠、烷基多糖苷，这些是清洁产品中最常见的原料。在本研究中，对商业表面活性剂的混合物进行了同位素分析，以模拟商业洗涤剂配方（手洗、多用途清洁剂和脱脂剂），然后对散装专业清洁产品进行了同位素分析，以匹配实际样品中表面活性剂的碳同位素组成和浓度之间的关系。本研究表明，δC 与表面活性剂的来源有关。特别是我们分析了五种生物基表面活性剂的样品，δC 值为-22.6‰至-28.0‰，以及六种来自碳化石原料的样品，δC 值为-28.5‰至-32.0‰，这些是商业清洁产品中最常见的原料。同位素碳组成也应用于生物基和化石表面活性剂的混合物中，以模拟和执行商业清洁产品的稳定碳同位素分析方法。此外，结果评估了稳定碳同位素比值与混合物中表面活性剂浓度之间的关系：例如，在 50%的生物基（δC -22.6‰）和合成表面活性剂（δC -32.5‰）混合物中，我们发现 δC 值为-28.00‰。与放射性碳方法相比，使用 δC 分析的主要优点在于其廉价和易于操作的方法。
