Shintouo Cabirou Mounchili, Nguve Joel Ebai, Asa Fru Bertha, Shey Robert Adamu, Kamga Joseph, Souopgui Jacob, Ghogomu Stephen Mbigha, Njemini Rose
Department of Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium.
Frailty in Ageing Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium.
Pathogens. 2020 Sep 2;9(9):722. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9090722.
The enormity of the public health burden of onchocerciasis motivated the creation of various large-scale control programs that have depended principally on mass treatment of endemic communities with ivermectin for the elimination of the disease. Parasitological evaluation of species in the West Region of Cameroon indicates significant progress in the interruption of parasite transmission in some communities under ivermectin treatment. However, to verify the complete elimination of onchocerciasis, entomological assessment through O-150 PCR poolscreen of black flies is mandatory. Thus, in the present study, we assessed transmission of species using an O-150 PCR technique to screen pools of black flies-in seven onchocerciasis endemic communities (Makouopsap, Bankambe, Lemgo, Tsesse, Ndionzou, Kouffen, and Bayon) in Cameroon. Two thousand black flies were assessed-in each community-for the presence of species DNA. Our results show that the frequency of infective flies was 0.6% in Makouopsap and 0.0% in the other communities. On the other hand, the frequency of infected flies was 0.8% in Makouopsap, 0.2% in Bankambe, 0.1% in Bayon, and 0.0% in Lemgo, Tsesse, Ndionzou, and Kouffen. These results provide entomologic evidence for continuous transmission of species in Makouopsap, risk of active transmission in Bankambe, and Bayon, and a suppressed transmission in the four other studied communities.
盘尾丝虫病给公共卫生带来了巨大负担，这促使人们开展了各种大规模防治项目，这些项目主要依靠用伊维菌素对流行社区进行群体治疗来消除该疾病。对喀麦隆西部地区的物种进行寄生虫学评估表明，在接受伊维菌素治疗的一些社区中，寄生虫传播的阻断取得了显著进展。然而，为了验证盘尾丝虫病是否已被彻底消除，通过对黑蝇进行O - 150 PCR混合样本筛查来进行昆虫学评估是必不可少的。因此，在本研究中，我们使用O - 150 PCR技术对喀麦隆七个盘尾丝虫病流行社区（马库奥普萨普、班坎贝、莱姆戈、塞塞、恩迪翁祖、库芬和巴永）的黑蝇混合样本进行筛查，以评估物种的传播情况。在每个社区评估了两千只黑蝇，以检测物种DNA的存在情况。我们的结果显示，在马库奥普萨普，感染性黑蝇的频率为0.6%，在其他社区为0.0%。另一方面，在马库奥普萨普，受感染黑蝇的频率为0.8%，在班坎贝为0.2%，在巴永为0.1%，在莱姆戈、塞塞、恩迪翁祖和库芬为0.0%。这些结果为马库奥普萨普存在物种的持续传播、班坎贝和巴永存在活跃传播风险以及其他四个研究社区传播受到抑制提供了昆虫学证据。
