Division of Experimental Therapeutics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA.
Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1216, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
Neuroimage. 2020 Dec;223:117311. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117311. Epub 2020 Sep 1.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation approach in which low level currents are administered over the scalp to influence underlying brain function. Prevailing theories of tDCS focus on modulation of excitation-inhibition balance at the local stimulation location. However, network level effects are reported as well, and appear to depend upon differential underlying mechanisms. Here, we evaluated potential network-level effects of tDCS during the Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT) using convergent EEG- and fMRI-based connectivity approaches. Motor learning manifested as a significant (p<.0001) shift from slow to fast responses and corresponded to a significant increase in beta-coherence (p<.0001) and fMRI connectivity (p<.01) particularly within the visual-motor pathway. Differential patterns of tDCS effect were observed within different parametric task versions, consistent with network models. Overall, these findings demonstrate objective physiological effects of tDCS at the network level that result in effective behavioral modulation when tDCS parameters are matched to network-level requirements of the underlying task.
经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）是一种非侵入性的脑刺激方法，通过在头皮上施加低水平电流来影响大脑的基础功能。目前 tDCS 的主流理论集中于局部刺激部位的兴奋-抑制平衡的调节。然而，也有报道称其具有网络层面的效应，并且这些效应似乎依赖于不同的潜在机制。在这里，我们使用基于脑电图和功能磁共振成像的汇聚连通性方法，在序列反应时间任务（SRTT）中评估 tDCS 的潜在网络层面效应。运动学习表现为从慢反应到快反应的显著转变（p<.0001），与β相干性（p<.0001）和功能磁共振成像连通性（p<.01）的显著增加相对应，特别是在视觉运动通路内。不同参数的 SRTT 版本中观察到 tDCS 效应的差异模式，这与网络模型一致。总的来说，这些发现证明了 tDCS 在网络层面上的客观生理效应，当 tDCS 参数与潜在任务的网络层面要求匹配时，会产生有效的行为调节。
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