Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
School of Medicine.
J Glaucoma. 2020 Dec;29(12):1143-1146. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000001652.
PRéCIS:: In a case-control study, skin pigmentation was not statistically significantly different when comparing glaucoma patients to those without glaucoma.
Darker skin color has been implicated as a risk factor for glaucoma based on previous studies' subjective assessments of skin pigmentation. This study used objective measurements to determine whether cutaneous pigmentation is a risk factor for glaucoma.
This case-control study was conducted at Menelik II Tertiary Referral Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Patients aged 40 years or older from the glaucoma clinic who were being scheduled for trabeculectomy were enrolled as cases and age-matched patients without glaucoma from other clinics at Menelik II Tertiary Referral Hospital were enrolled as controls. A Dermacatch device was used to capture melanin measurements in triplicate from the inner arm of each participant. The exposure variable of interest was the median of the triplicate skin melanin measurements, in arbitrary units. The outcome of interest was presence of glaucoma.
Agreement between the triplicate inner arm melanin measurements was high, with an intraclass correlation of 0.99 (95% confidence interval, 0.98-0.99). Mean melanin values were 704 units (SD 94) in 76 cases and 694 units (SD 93) in 152 controls. Melanin was not statistically significantly associated with glaucoma after adjusting for sex and season of measurement (ie, dry vs. rainy), with an odds ratio of 1.15 (95% confidence interval, 0.59-2.24) per 100 units of inner arm melanin.
This study failed to find a significant association between skin pigmentation and glaucoma using an objective and reproducible assessment of pigmentation.
目的：基于先前研究对皮肤色素沉着的主观评估，深色皮肤被认为是青光眼的一个危险因素。本研究使用客观测量来确定皮肤色素沉着是否是青光眼的一个危险因素。
方法：这是一项在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴的梅利利克二世三级转诊医院进行的病例对照研究。纳入了年龄在 40 岁或以上、计划行小梁切除术的青光眼门诊患者作为病例，并纳入了来自梅利利克二世三级转诊医院其他科室的年龄匹配的无青光眼患者作为对照。使用 Dermacatch 设备从每位参与者的内臂重复采集 3 次黑素测量值。感兴趣的暴露变量是 3 次皮肤黑素测量值的中位数，以任意单位表示。感兴趣的结局是青光眼的存在。
结果：内臂黑素 3 次测量的一致性很高，组内相关系数为 0.99（95%置信区间，0.98-0.99）。76 例病例的平均黑素值为 704 单位（SD 94），152 例对照的平均黑素值为 694 单位（SD 93）。在校正性别和测量季节（即干燥与雨季）后，黑素与青光眼无统计学显著相关性，内臂黑素每增加 100 个单位，比值比为 1.15（95%置信区间，0.59-2.24）。
结论：本研究使用客观和可重复的色素沉着评估方法，未能发现皮肤色素沉着与青光眼之间存在显著关联。
