Reproduction and Fertility Research Center, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Brazil.
J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2020 Nov;14(11):1661-1672. doi: 10.1002/term.3124. Epub 2020 Sep 10.
Prudent choices of cell sources and biomaterials, as well as meticulous cultivation of the tissue microenvironment, are essential to improving outcomes of tissue engineering treatments. With the goal of providing a high-quality alternative for bone and cartilage tissue engineering, we investigated the capability of bovine placental scaffolds to support adipose-derived cell differentiation into osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages. Decellularized bovine placenta, a high-quality scaffold with practical scalability, was chosen as the biomaterial due to its rich extracellular matrix, well-developed vasculature, high availability, low cost, and simplicity of collection. Adipose-derived cells were chosen as the cell source as they are easy to isolate, nontumorigenic, and flexibly differentiable. The bovine model was chosen for its advantages in translational medicine over the mouse model. When seeded onto the scaffolds, the isolated cells adhered to the scaffolds with cell projections, established cell-scaffold communication and proliferated while maintaining cell-cell communication. Throughout a 21-day culture period, osteogenically differentiated cells secreted mineralized matrix, and calcium deposits were observed throughout the scaffold. Under chondrogenic specific differentiation conditions, the cells modified their morphology from fibroblast-like to round cells and cartilage lacunas were observed as well as the deposit of cartilaginous matrix on the placental scaffolds. This experiment provides evidence, for the first time, that bovine placental scaffolds have the potential to support bovine mesenchymal stem cell adherence and differentiation into osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages. Therefore, the constructed material could be used for bone and cartilage tissue engineering.
谨慎选择细胞来源和生物材料，以及精心培养组织微环境，对于改善组织工程治疗的效果至关重要。为了提供一种高质量的骨和软骨组织工程替代物，我们研究了牛胎盘支架支持脂肪来源细胞向成骨和软骨谱系分化的能力。由于牛胎盘具有丰富的细胞外基质、发达的脉管系统、较高的可用性、较低的成本和简单的收集方法，因此选择了脱细胞化的牛胎盘作为生物材料，它是一种具有实际可扩展性的高质量支架。选择脂肪来源细胞作为细胞来源，是因为它们易于分离、无致瘤性且具有灵活的分化能力。选择牛模型而不是小鼠模型，是因为它在转化医学方面具有优势。当将分离的细胞接种到支架上时，细胞突起与支架附着，建立细胞-支架的通讯并增殖，同时保持细胞-细胞的通讯。在 21 天的培养期间，成骨分化的细胞分泌矿化基质，并且在整个支架中观察到钙沉积。在软骨特异性分化条件下，细胞从成纤维样形态改变为圆形细胞，并且观察到软骨陷窝以及软骨基质在胎盘支架上的沉积。这项实验首次提供了证据，表明牛胎盘支架具有支持牛间充质干细胞附着和分化为成骨和软骨谱系的潜力。因此，构建的材料可用于骨和软骨组织工程。
