Barón-Sánchez J, Santiago C, Goizueta-San Martín G, Arca R, Fernández R
Servicio de Neurofisiología Clínica, Complejo Asistencial de Zamora, Zamora, España.
Servicio de Neurofisiología Clínica, Complejo Asistencial de Zamora, Zamora, España.
Neurologia (Engl Ed). 2020 Nov-Dec;35(9):633-638. doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2020.07.006. Epub 2020 Jul 28.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly throughout the world. Smell and/or taste disorders have emerged as a very frequent symptom as the disease has spread in Europe. Spain is one of the European countries with the highest number of infections.
This study aimed to investigate the clinical progression of smell and taste disorders in Spanish patients with mild COVID-19.
An online survey was used to conduct a cross-sectional study of patients who presented sudden smell and/or taste disorders during the 2 months of total lockdown due to COVID-19 in Spain.
In our sample, 91.18% of respondents with impaired smell and/or taste and who were able to undergo PCR testing were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Anosmia and ageusia presented in isolation in 6.5% of participants. The remaining 93.5% presented other mild symptoms: headache (51.6%), cough (51.6%), myalgia (45.2%), asthaenia (38.7%), nasal congestion or rhinorrhoea (35.5%), fever (41.9%), low-grade fever (29.0%), odynophagia (25.8%), or diarrhoea (6.5%). The mean duration of anosmia was 8.33 days, with patients subsequently manifesting hyposmia; complete resolution occurred after a mean of 17.79 days. In 22.6% of respondents, olfactory deficits persisted. All participants recovered their sense of taste.
Olfactory and gustatory disorders are prevalent symptoms in mild COVID-19. Most patients do not present associated nasal congestion or rhinorrhoea and a small group of patients present these alterations in isolation.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已在全球迅速传播。随着该疾病在欧洲蔓延，嗅觉和/或味觉障碍已成为一种非常常见的症状。西班牙是欧洲感染人数最多的国家之一。
本研究旨在调查西班牙轻症COVID-19患者嗅觉和味觉障碍的临床进展。
采用在线调查对西班牙因COVID-19全面封锁的2个月内出现突发嗅觉和/或味觉障碍的患者进行横断面研究。
在我们的样本中，嗅觉和/或味觉受损且能够接受PCR检测的受访者中，91.18%的人SARS-CoV-2感染呈阳性。6.5%的参与者单独出现嗅觉丧失和味觉丧失。其余93.5%的人出现其他轻微症状：头痛（51.6%）、咳嗽（51.6%）、肌痛（45.2%）、乏力（38.7%）、鼻塞或流涕（35.5%）、发热（41.9%）、低热（29.0%）、吞咽痛（25.8%）或腹泻（6.5%）。嗅觉丧失的平均持续时间为8.33天，随后患者表现为嗅觉减退；平均17.79天后完全恢复。22.6%的受访者嗅觉缺陷持续存在。所有参与者都恢复了味觉。
嗅觉和味觉障碍是轻症COVID-19的常见症状。大多数患者没有伴有鼻塞或流涕，一小部分患者单独出现这些改变。
