Emmerton Demelza, Abdelhafiz Ahmed
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Rotherham General Hospital, Moorgate Road, Rotherham, S60 2UD UK.
SN Compr Clin Med. 2020;2(10):1790-1797. doi: 10.1007/s42399-020-00474-y. Epub 2020 Aug 29.
Delirium is a potentially fatal acute brain dysfunction that is characterised by inattention and fluctuating mental changes. It is indicative of an acute serious organ failure or acute infection. Delirium is also associated with undesirable health outcomes that include prolonged hospital stay, long-term cognitive decline and increased mortality. The new SARS-CoV-2 shows, not only pulmonary tropism but also, neurotropism which results in delirium in the acute phase illness particularly in the older age groups. The current assessment for COVID-19 in older people does not routinely include screening for delirium. Implementation of a rapid delirium screening tool is necessary because, without screening, up to 75% of cases can be missed. Delirium can also be exaggerated by health care policies that recommend social isolation and wearing personal protective equipment in addition to less interaction with patients. Non-pharmacological intervention for delirium prevention and management may be helpful if implemented as early and as often as possible in hospitalised older people with COVID-19. A holistic approach that includes psychological support in addition to medical care is needed for older people admitted to hospital with COVID-19.
谵妄是一种潜在致命的急性脑功能障碍,其特征为注意力不集中和精神状态波动。它表明存在急性严重器官衰竭或急性感染。谵妄还与不良健康后果相关,包括住院时间延长、长期认知衰退和死亡率增加。新型严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)不仅显示出肺嗜性,还显示出神经嗜性,这会在急性期疾病中导致谵妄,尤其是在老年人群体中。目前对老年人新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的评估通常不包括谵妄筛查。实施快速谵妄筛查工具很有必要,因为如果不进行筛查,高达75%的病例可能会被漏诊。推荐社会隔离、佩戴个人防护装备以及减少与患者互动的医疗保健政策也可能会加重谵妄。对于住院的COVID-19老年患者,如果尽早且尽可能频繁地实施预防和管理谵妄的非药物干预措施可能会有帮助。对于因COVID-19入院的老年人,需要一种整体方法,除了医疗护理外还包括心理支持。