Schäfer Ingo, Volkmann Maria, Beelitz Pamela, Merle Roswitha, Müller Elisabeth, Kohn Barbara
Clinic for Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19 b, 14163, Berlin, Germany.
Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19 b, 14163, Berlin, Germany.
Vet Parasitol X. 2019 Jun 22;2:100015. doi: 10.1016/j.vpoa.2019.100015. eCollection 2019 Nov.
Canine vector-borne infections gained in importance in Germany due to growing tourist traffic, the increased import of dogs from abroad and the changing of climatic conditions. The Mediterranean region and southeastern Europe are geographical areas where pathogens such as (.) , () , () , () and () spp. are endemic. Meanwhile, () spp. and are present in central and western Europe. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate whether dogs were exposed to a corresponding risk of infection when travelling to regions in the Mediterranean area and southeastern Europe, which are endemic for these pathogens. Medical records and laboratory test results of 303 dogs that travelled to 14 countries endemic for the mentioned canine vector-borne pathogens and that were presented to the Small Animal Clinic at Freie Universität Berlin between 2007 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 1174 test results from external laboratories were descriptively analysed including 525 test results of direct and 649 of indirect determination methods. Overall, 13% of the tested dogs (40/303) were positive for at least one pathogen. Concurrent infections with two pathogens were detected in 1% of the dogs (4/303). The positive results were: 8% (18/231 dogs; Polymerase chain reaction [PCR] 3/73, indirect immunofluorescence test [IFAT] 18/209 dogs), . 5% (14/260 dogs; PCR 5/80, IFAT or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] 11/251 dogs), spp. 5% (11/232 dogs; spp. PCR 3/127, IFAT or ELISA 8/160, IFAT 2/22), spp. 1% (1/133 dogs; antigen-ELISA 1/117, microfilariae PCR 0/16, Knott´s test 0/69 dogs). None of the dogs has been tested positive in a combined spp./ spp. PCR test (0/15 dogs) and for (0/17 dogs; PCR) or (0/11 dogs; PCR). There is a substantial risk for dogs travelling to areas endemic for vector-borne pathogens even with limited time of exposure to get infected. The data indicates the importance of owner education and prophylactic measurements against vector-borne infections in dogs travelling to endemic areas.
由于旅游流量增加、从国外进口犬只增多以及气候条件变化，犬媒传播感染在德国变得愈发重要。地中海地区和东南欧是 （.）、（）、（）、（） 和 （） 属等病原体的地方性流行地区。同时，（） 属和 在中欧和西欧也有存在。这项回顾性研究的目的是评估犬只前往地中海地区和东南欧这些病原体地方性流行的地区时是否面临相应的感染风险。对2007年至2018年间前往上述14个犬媒传播病原体地方性流行国家、并就诊于柏林自由大学小动物诊所的303只犬的病历和实验室检测结果进行了回顾性分析。对来自外部实验室的总共1174份检测结果进行了描述性分析，包括525份直接检测结果和649份间接检测结果。总体而言，13% 的受试犬（40/303）至少对一种病原体呈阳性。1% 的犬（4/303）检测出同时感染两种病原体。阳性结果如下： 8%（18/231只犬；聚合酶链反应 [PCR] 3/73，间接免疫荧光试验 [IFAT] 18/209只犬）， 5%（14/260只犬；PCR 5/80，IFAT或酶联免疫吸附测定 [ELISA] 11/251只犬）， 属5%（11/232只犬； 属PCR 3/127， IFAT或ELISA 8/160， IFAT 2/22）， 属1%（1/133只犬； 抗原 - ELISA 1/117，微丝蚴PCR 0/16，诺氏试验0/69只犬）。在 属/ 属联合PCR检测中（共15只犬）、 检测（共17只犬；PCR）以及 检测（共11只犬；PCR）中，均无犬只呈阳性。即使暴露时间有限，前往媒介传播病原体地方性流行地区的犬只也面临很大的感染风险。数据表明，对前往地方性流行地区的犬只的主人进行教育以及采取预防媒介传播感染的措施非常重要。
