人工耳蜗及其他内耳假体：现状与未来。
Cochlear implants and other inner ear prostheses: today and tomorrow.
作者信息
Reiss Lina Aj
机构信息
Oregon Health & Science University, Otolaryngology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mailcode NRC04, OHSU, Portland 97239, United States.
出版信息
Curr Opin Physiol. 2020 Dec;18:49-55. doi: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.08.001. Epub 2020 Aug 14.
Abstract
Cochlear implants (CIs) are implantable auditory prostheses designed to restore access to sound in deaf individuals via direct electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve. While CIs have been successful in restoring speech perception to many deaf patients, outcomes are variable and speech recognition in noise remains a problem. This chapter will review the factors underlying this variability, and discuss significant recent innovations to address these issues including neural health preservation, characterization, and regeneration, and other inner ear prostheses. The emerging role of central auditory plasticity will also be discussed. Together, these advances will point to the likely future directions for advancing the next generation of CIs and other inner ear prostheses.
摘要
人工耳蜗（CIs）是一种可植入的听觉假体，旨在通过直接电刺激听神经来恢复聋人对声音的感知。虽然人工耳蜗已成功地为许多聋人患者恢复了言语感知，但结果存在差异，且噪声环境下的言语识别仍然是一个问题。本章将回顾造成这种差异的潜在因素，并讨论近期为解决这些问题所取得的重大创新，包括神经健康的保护、特征描述和再生，以及其他内耳假体。还将讨论中枢听觉可塑性的新作用。这些进展共同指出了推进下一代人工耳蜗和其他内耳假体的未来可能方向。
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