Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
The Forsyth Institute (Microbiology), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
mSphere. 2020 Sep 9;5(5):e00852-20. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00852-20.
Multiple epidemiological studies identify as a candidate beneficial bacterium based on its positive association with health, including negative associations with nasal/nasopharyngeal colonization by the pathogenic species and Using a multipronged approach to gain new insights into function, we observed phenotypic interactions and predictions of genomic capacity that support the idea of a role for microbe-microbe interactions involving in shaping the composition of human nasal microbiota. We identified community-level and phenotypic cooperation by specific nasal species. Also, inhibited growth , whereas robust inhibition of required both and a nasal together. l-lactic acid production was insufficient to account for these inhibitions. Genomic analysis of 11 strains revealed that has a small genome (average 1.86 Mb) and multiple predicted auxotrophies consistent with relying on its human host and on cocolonizing bacteria for key nutrients. Further, the accessory genome of harbored a diverse repertoire of biosynthetic gene clusters, some of which may have a role in microbe-microbe interactions. These new insights into 's functions advance the field from compositional analysis to genomic and phenotypic experimentation on a potentially beneficial bacterial resident of the human upper respiratory tract and lay the foundation for future animal and clinical experiments. and infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in humans. For both, nasal colonization is a risk factor for infection. Studies of nasal microbiota identify as a benign bacterium present when adults are free of or when children are free of Here, we validated these associations with functional assays. We found that inhibited and, together with a specific nasal species, also inhibited Furthermore, genomic analysis of indicated that it must obtain key nutrients from other nasal bacteria or from humans. These phenotypic interactions support the idea of a role for microbe-microbe interactions in shaping the composition of human nasal microbiota and implicate as a mutualist of humans. These findings support the feasibility of future development of microbe-targeted interventions to reshape nasal microbiota composition to exclude and/or .
多项流行病学研究表明， 是一种有益的候选细菌，因为它与健康呈正相关，包括与致病性物种 和 的鼻腔/鼻咽定植呈负相关。通过采用多管齐下的方法来深入了解 的功能，我们观察到表型相互作用和基因组能力的预测，这些都支持了微生物-微生物相互作用在塑造人类鼻腔微生物组组成方面的作用的观点。我们确定了特定的鼻腔 物种的 群落水平和 表型合作。此外， 抑制了 的生长，而对 的强烈抑制需要 和一个鼻腔 一起。L-乳酸的产生不足以解释这些抑制作用。对 11 株菌的基因组分析表明， 具有小基因组（平均 1.86Mb）和多个预测的营养缺陷型，这与 依赖其人类宿主和共定植细菌获取关键营养物质一致。此外， 的辅助基因组中含有多样化的生物合成基因簇，其中一些可能在微生物-微生物相互作用中发挥作用。这些对 功能的新见解将该领域从组成分析推进到对人类上呼吸道潜在有益常驻细菌的基因组和表型实验，并为未来的动物和临床实验奠定了基础。 和 感染在人类中造成显著的发病率和死亡率。对于这两种疾病，鼻腔定植都是感染的危险因素。对鼻腔微生物组的研究表明， 是一种良性细菌，当成年人没有 或当儿童没有 时， 就会出现。在这里，我们通过功能测定验证了这些 关联。我们发现 抑制了 ，并且与一种特定的鼻腔 物种一起，也抑制了 。此外，对 的基因组分析表明，它必须从其他鼻腔细菌或人类中获得关键营养物质。这些表型相互作用支持了微生物-微生物相互作用在塑造人类鼻腔微生物组组成方面的作用的观点，并暗示 是人类的共生体。这些发现支持了未来开发针对微生物的干预措施以重塑鼻腔微生物组组成以排除 和/或 的可行性。
