Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 115, Jinzun Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
Neural Plast. 2020 Aug 28;2020:8843485. doi: 10.1155/2020/8843485. eCollection 2020.
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) becomes an inevitable worldwide public health issue, and deafness treatment is urgently imperative; yet their current curative therapy is limited. Auditory neuropathies (AN) were proved to play a substantial role in SNHL recently, and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) dysfunction is a dominant pathogenesis of AN. Auditory pathway is a high energy consumption system, and SGNs required sufficient mitochondria. Mitochondria are known treatment target of SNHL, but mitochondrion mechanism and pathology in SGNs are not valued. Mitochondrial dysfunction and pharmacological therapy were studied in neurodegeneration, providing new insights in mitochondrion-targeted treatment of AN. In this review, we summarized mitochondrial biological functions related to SGNs and discussed interaction between mitochondrial dysfunction and AN, as well as existing mitochondrion treatment for SNHL. Pharmaceutical exploration to protect mitochondrion dysfunction is a feasible and effective therapeutics for AN.
感音神经性听力损失 (SNHL) 成为一个不可避免的全球公共卫生问题，耳聋的治疗迫在眉睫；然而，目前的治疗方法有限。最近研究证明听觉神经病 (AN) 在 SNHL 中起重要作用，而螺旋神经节神经元 (SGN) 功能障碍是 AN 的主要发病机制。听觉通路是一个高能耗系统，SGN 需要足够的线粒体。线粒体是公认的 SNHL 治疗靶点，但 SGN 中线粒体的机制和病理学尚未得到重视。线粒体功能障碍和药物治疗在神经退行性疾病中的研究为 AN 的线粒体靶向治疗提供了新的见解。在这篇综述中，我们总结了与 SGN 相关的线粒体生物学功能，并讨论了线粒体功能障碍与 AN 之间的相互作用，以及现有的 SNHL 线粒体治疗方法。探索保护线粒体功能障碍的药物是治疗 AN 的一种可行且有效的方法。
