Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Rodovia Anhanguera km 158, CP 4, 13490-970, Cordeirópolis, SP, Brazil.
Instituto Biológico, Rodovia Heitor Penteado, km 3,5. CP 70, 13001-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2020 Oct;82(2):199-209. doi: 10.1007/s10493-020-00543-w. Epub 2020 Sep 10.
Citrus leprosis (CL) is one of the most important viral diseases in sweet orange orchards in Latin America. It is caused by members of at least five species of the so-called Brevipalpus-transmitted viruses (BTV), and the prevalent is Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C). This virus has the broadest host range amongst all CL-associated viruses and is transmitted by Brevipalpus yothersi, a polyphagous mite that can colonize a large variety of host plants, including some spontaneous ground cover plants. But if, on one hand, spontaneous plants can host CL virus and vector, on the other hand, they can offer alternative food for predators, equally common in organic citrus orchards. Brevipalpus yothersi and predator mites were surveyed in 33 spontaneous plants of a Westin sweet orange orchard conducted under organic production system in Brazil, from June 2010 to April 2011. Predatory mites were identified as phytoseiids, and Iphiseiodes zuluagai was the prevalent species, representing 58% of all predators. Other phytoseiids were considered accidental species in the area. Ageratum conyzoides and Alternanthera tenella were the most represented plant host species to predators, comprising 28 and 10% of the total surveyed plants, respectively. Brevipalpus yothersi specimens were detected on various spontaneous species: A. conyzoides, A. tenella, Amaranthus deflexus, Bidens pilosa, Ipomoea quamoclit, I. cairica, Merremia cissoides, Solanum americanum, Panicum maximum, and, predominantly, Commelina benghalensis. The latter has been previously reported as host of CiLV-C as well and, therefore, it is recommended to eliminate this species from citrus orchards.
莱顿柑橘木虱传多角体病毒病（CL）是拉丁美洲甜橙园最重要的病毒性疾病之一。它是由至少五种所谓的短须螨传播病毒（BTV）成员引起的，其中流行的是柑橘莱顿病毒 C（CiLV-C）。该病毒在所有与 CL 相关的病毒中宿主范围最广，由多宿主螨 Brevipalpus yothersi 传播，这种螨可以在包括一些野生地被植物在内的大量宿主植物上定殖。但是，一方面，野生植物可以携带 CL 病毒和载体，另一方面，它们也可以为同样常见于有机柑橘园的捕食性螨虫提供替代食物。2010 年 6 月至 2011 年 4 月，在巴西一个采用有机生产系统的 Westin 甜橙果园中，对 33 种野生植物进行了 Brevipalpus yothersi 和捕食性螨虫调查。捕食性螨虫被鉴定为植绥螨，Iphiseiodes zuluagai 是优势种，占所有捕食者的 58%。其他植绥螨被认为是该地区的偶然种。Ageratum conyzoides 和 Alternanthera tenella 是捕食者最常见的植物宿主种，分别占总调查植物的 28%和 10%。在各种野生植物上都检测到了 Brevipalpus yothersi 标本：A. conyzoides、A. tenella、Amaranthus deflexus、Bidens pilosa、Ipomoea quamoclit、Ipomoea cairica、Merremia cissoides、Solanum americanum、Panicum maximum，以及，主要是，Commelina benghalensis。后者之前曾被报道为 CiLV-C 的宿主，因此建议从柑橘园清除该物种。
