Faust D, Ziskin J
Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903.
Science. 1988 Jul 1;241(4861):31-5. doi: 10.1126/science.3291114.
The involvement of psychologists and psychiatrists within the legal arena continues to grow rapidly but remains highly controversial. Extensive research on clinical judgement provides a scientific basis for clarifying the growing disputes about the values of such professional activities. Studies show that professionals often fail to reach reliable or valid conclusions and that the accuracy of their judgements does not necessarily surpass that of laypersons, thus raising substantial doubt that psychologists or psychiatrists meet legal standards for expertise. Factors that underlie the research findings and implications for courtroom testimony are discussed.
心理学家和精神科医生在法律领域的参与度持续迅速增长，但仍极具争议。关于临床判断的广泛研究为澄清围绕此类专业活动价值的日益增多的争议提供了科学依据。研究表明，专业人员常常无法得出可靠或有效的结论，而且他们判断的准确性并不一定超过非专业人员，因此人们对心理学家或精神科医生是否符合专业知识的法律标准产生了极大的怀疑。文中讨论了研究结果背后的因素以及对法庭证词的影响。
