College of Arts & College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Feb 1;754:141935. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141935. Epub 2020 Aug 24.
Climate change due to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is one of the global environmental matters of the 21st century. Biochar (BC) amendments have been proposed as a potential solution for improving soil quality and to mitigate GHGs emissions. Therefore, we evaluated the influence of different BCs on soil CO and NO emissions in an outdoor pot experiment. The soil was mixed with three different types of BCs; bamboo, hardwood, and rice straw BCs as BB, BH, and BR, respectively, and control as B0 with four levels (0, 5, 20, and 80 g kg of soil). Gas samples were collected on a bi-monthly basis for six months. A polyvinyl chloride (PVC) static chamber was placed on each replicate to collect the gas samples at 15, 30, 45, and 60 min, respectively. Compared to B0, the lowest cumulative NO emissions were observed in BH80 (11%) followed by BH20, BH5, and BR80. However, for cumulative CO emissions, B0 and BC treatments showed no significant differences except for BB80 (>11%) and BB5 (<2%). BC type and level both had a significant (P < 0.001) impact on the cumulative NO emissions with a significant interaction (P < 0.001). However, cumulative CO emissions were unaffected by BC type but BC level showed a significant influence on cumulative CO emissions (P < 0.05) and there was a significant (P < 0.001) interaction between the BC type and level on cumulative CO emissions. Overall, higher doses of BR and BB showed a pronounced effect on soil pH over BH. The soil pH and moisture showed a negative correlation with NO emissions whereas soil temperature showed a positive correlation with the cumulative fluxes of NO. Our results demonstrate that BC incorporation to soil may help to mitigate GHGs emissions but its influence may vary with BC type and level under different conditions and soil type.
由于温室气体（GHG）排放导致的气候变化是 21 世纪全球环境问题之一。生物炭（BC）的添加被提出作为改善土壤质量和减少 GHG 排放的潜在解决方案。因此，我们在一项户外盆栽实验中评估了不同类型的 BC 对土壤 CO 和 NO 排放的影响。土壤分别与三种不同类型的 BC 混合；竹炭、硬木和稻草炭分别为 BB、BH 和 BR，对照为 B0，有四个水平（土壤中 0、5、20 和 80 g kg）。每两个月收集一次气体样本，共收集六个月。在每个重复中放置一个聚氯乙烯（PVC）静态室，分别在 15、30、45 和 60 分钟时收集气体样本。与 B0 相比，BH80 观察到的累积 NO 排放量最低（11%），其次是 BH20、BH5 和 BR80。然而，对于累积 CO 排放，B0 和 BC 处理之间没有显著差异，除了 BB80（>11%）和 BB5（<2%）。BC 类型和水平对累积 NO 排放都有显著影响（P<0.001），且存在显著的相互作用（P<0.001）。然而，BC 类型对累积 CO 排放没有影响，但 BC 水平对累积 CO 排放有显著影响（P<0.05），BC 类型和水平之间存在显著的相互作用（P<0.001）。总体而言，较高剂量的 BR 和 BB 对 BH 的土壤 pH 产生了明显的影响。土壤 pH 和水分与 NO 排放呈负相关，而土壤温度与 NO 累积通量呈正相关。我们的结果表明，BC 的添加可能有助于减少 GHG 排放，但在不同条件和土壤类型下，其影响可能因 BC 类型和水平而异。
