Muneer Muhammad Atif, Huang Xiaoman, Hou Wei, Zhang Yadong, Cai Yuanyang, Munir Muhammad Zeeshan, Wu Liangquan, Zheng Chaoyuan
College of Resources and Environment/International Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Jul 12;7(7):554. doi: 10.3390/jof7070554.
Soil fungi play a critical role in plant performance and soil nutrient cycling. However, the understanding of soil fungal community composition and functions in response to different nutrients management practices in red soils remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the responses of soil fungal communities and functions under conventional farmer fertilization practice (FFP) and different nutrient management practices, i.e., optimization of NPK fertilizer (O) with soil conditioner (O + C), with lime and mushroom residue (O + L + M), and with lime and magnesium fertilizer (O + L + Mg). Illumina high-throughput sequencing was used for fungal identification, while the functional groups were inferred with FUNGuild. Nutrient management practices significantly raised the soil pH to 4.79-5.31 compared with FFP (3.69), and soil pH had the most significant effect (0.989 ***) on fungal communities. Predominant phyla, including , , and were identified in all treatments and accounted for 94% of all fungal communities. The alpha diversity indices significantly increased under nutrients management practices compared with FFP. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed the keystone fungal species in the red soil, i.e., (54.04%), (7.58%), (4.55%), and (4.04%). FUNGuild showed that the relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi was higher, while pathogenic fungi were lower under nutrient management practices compared with FFP. Our findings have important implications for the understanding of improvement of acidic soils that could significantly improve the soil fungal diversity and functioning in acidic soils.
土壤真菌在植物生长和土壤养分循环中起着关键作用。然而，对于红壤中土壤真菌群落组成和功能对不同养分管理措施的响应，人们仍知之甚少。在此，我们研究了常规农民施肥方式（FFP）以及不同养分管理措施下土壤真菌群落和功能的响应，这些措施包括：优化氮磷钾肥料（O）并添加土壤改良剂（O + C）、添加石灰和蘑菇渣（O + L + M）、添加石灰和镁肥（O + L + Mg）。采用Illumina高通量测序技术进行真菌鉴定，同时利用FUNGuild推断功能菌群。与FFP（pH值为3.69）相比，养分管理措施显著提高了土壤pH值至4.79 - 5.31，且土壤pH值对真菌群落的影响最为显著（0.989 ***）。在所有处理中均鉴定出了优势门类，包括 、 和 ，它们占所有真菌群落的94%。与FFP相比，养分管理措施下的α多样性指数显著增加。共现网络分析揭示了红壤中的关键真菌物种，即 （54.04%）、 （7.58%）、 （4.55%）和 （4.04%）。FUNGuild表明，与FFP相比，养分管理措施下丛枝菌根真菌和外生菌根真菌的相对丰度较高，而致病真菌的相对丰度较低。我们的研究结果对于理解酸性土壤的改良具有重要意义，酸性土壤改良可显著提高酸性土壤中的真菌多样性和功能。
