Department of Urological Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Institute, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
Sci China Life Sci. 2021 Apr;64(4):512-533. doi: 10.1007/s11427-020-1768-y. Epub 2020 Aug 26.
The treatment strategy of bladder cancer has evolved not only through the traditional modalities of surgery and chemotherapy but also by immunotherapy over the past several decades. Immunotherapies such as intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines and immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) are sometimes used for treating patients with bladder cancer, especially those who develop resistance to conventional first-line treatments such as surgery and chemotherapy. Unfortunately, it is a limited number of individuals that see clinical benefits from this approach, and complicating matters more is that many of these patients suffer severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs). If current momentum continues to result in improved response rates and managed irAEs, immunotherapy could be poised to revolutionize the landscape of urothelial carcinoma therapeutics.
过去几十年来，膀胱癌的治疗策略不仅通过传统的手术和化疗方式，还通过免疫疗法得到了发展。免疫疗法，如卡介苗（BCG）膀胱内疫苗和免疫检查点阻断剂（ICBs），有时用于治疗膀胱癌患者，特别是那些对手术和化疗等传统一线治疗产生耐药性的患者。不幸的是，只有少数人从这种方法中获得临床益处，更复杂的是，许多患者会出现严重的免疫相关不良事件（irAEs）。如果当前的发展趋势能够提高反应率并控制免疫相关不良事件，免疫疗法可能会彻底改变尿路上皮癌治疗的格局。
