Department of Health Science and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 14;10(1):14995. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72096-2.
Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes of salivary gland cancers. Conventional chemotherapy and/or radiation have shown only limited clinical efficacy in the treatment of recurrent or metastatic SDC. Currently, clinically approved targeted-therapeutics are not generally applicable except in very limited cases, and there exists a strong need for the development of treatment against this unique tumor type. To further interrogate genomic features of SDC, we have conducted multi-omic profiling of the SDC to describe the genomic alterations prevalent in this disease. Whole-genome sequencing, whole exome-sequencing and transcriptome sequencing were performed on a discovery cohort of 10 SDC samples. Targeted genomic profiling was performed in additional 32 SDC samples to support the findings obtained from the original discovery cohort. The cancer cohort was characterized by an average mutation burden of 85 somatic exonic mutations per tumor sample. The cohort harbored a mutational signature of BRCA and APOBEC/AID. Several genes, including TP53, RB1, SMAD4, HRAS, APC, PIK3CA and GNAQ were recurrently somatically altered in SDC. A novel fusion gene, generated by genomic rearrangement, MYB-NHSL1, was also noted. Our findings represent a significant layer in the systematic understanding of potentially clinically useful genomic and molecular targets for a subset of recurrent/metastatic SDC.
涎腺癌(SDC)是唾液腺癌中最具侵袭性的亚型之一。传统的化疗和/或放疗在治疗复发性或转移性 SDC 方面仅显示出有限的临床疗效。目前,除了非常有限的情况下,临床批准的靶向治疗药物通常不适用于所有患者,因此强烈需要开发针对这种独特肿瘤类型的治疗方法。为了进一步研究 SDC 的基因组特征,我们对 SDC 进行了多组学分析,以描述这种疾病中常见的基因组改变。对 10 个 SDC 样本的发现队列进行了全基因组测序、全外显子组测序和转录组测序。对另外 32 个 SDC 样本进行了靶向基因组分析,以支持从原始发现队列获得的结果。癌症队列的平均肿瘤样本中有 85 个体细胞外显子突变。该队列携带有 BRCA 和 APOBEC/AID 的突变特征。TP53、RB1、SMAD4、HRAS、APC、PIK3CA 和 GNAQ 等几个基因在 SDC 中经常发生体细胞改变。还注意到一种由基因组重排产生的新型融合基因 MYB-NHSL1。我们的研究结果代表了对复发性/转移性 SDC 的一部分潜在临床有用的基因组和分子靶标进行系统理解的重要方面。