Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Department of Nursing, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Disabil Rehabil. 2022 May;44(10):1984-1995. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1817158. Epub 2020 Sep 15.
To describe access to and engagement with cervical and breast screening services for women who are Deaf or live with a physical or sensory disability in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ).
We carried out an online survey on a convenience sample of 84 women. Tests of association were undertaken between socio-demographics and cervical and breast screening; and between disability type, and health outcomes and barriers to screening respectively. Participants also reported specific barriers to screening.
Living without family/partner and unemployment were associated with never having a cervical smear. Non-English preferred language, and urban residence were related to lower levels of breast self-examination; having insufficient income was related to never having a mammogram. Disability type was not related to either smear or mammogram on eligibility, uptake ever, or uptake timeframe. A higher proportion of those with multiple disability types experienced service environment barriers to having a cervical smear. Specific barriers to screening covered accessibility, service environment, and information.
This study, unique in Aotearoa, provides insights into disabled women's access to and engagement with screening services and suggests factors that may inhibit or facilitate participation. Women with multiple disabilities may be disadvantaged in the seeking and delivery of screening.Implications for rehabilitationRehabilitation and other practitioners need to be attuned to how women living with multiple disabilities may be disadvantaged in the seeking of, and, more importantly, the delivery of breast or cancer screening.Practitioners need to discuss with disabled women what supports or resources they need to have screening procedures, and to advocate for these supports for their clients.Practitioners need to ensure accessibility that encompasses the whole screening journey from the initial invitation to the obtaining of results.For practitioners to be able to provide equitable service delivery, the government and institutional policies and procedures that are developed must take into consideration the multiple needs of women living with disabilities.
描述新西兰（NZ）聋人或身体或感官残疾女性接受宫颈和乳房筛查服务的途径和参与情况。
我们对 84 名女性进行了一项在线调查。对社会人口统计学因素与宫颈和乳房筛查之间的关系，以及残疾类型与健康结果和筛查障碍之间的关系进行了检验。参与者还报告了具体的筛查障碍。
没有家人/伴侣和失业与从未进行过宫颈涂片检查有关。首选非英语语言和城市居住与较低的乳房自我检查水平有关；收入不足与从未进行过乳房 X 光检查有关。残疾类型与是否有资格进行涂片或乳房 X 光检查、是否曾经接受过检查或在规定时间内接受过检查均无关。有多种残疾类型的人在接受宫颈涂片检查时经历了更多的服务环境障碍。筛查的具体障碍包括可及性、服务环境和信息。
这项在新西兰独有的研究深入了解了残疾女性接受和参与筛查服务的情况，并提出了可能阻碍或促进参与的因素。多重残疾的女性在寻求和提供筛查方面可能处于不利地位。
康复和其他从业者需要了解多重残疾女性在寻求和接受乳房或癌症筛查方面可能处于不利地位。从业者需要与残疾女性讨论她们需要哪些支持或资源来进行筛查程序，并为她们的客户争取这些支持。从业者需要确保可及性，涵盖从最初邀请到获得结果的整个筛查过程。为了使从业者能够提供公平的服务交付，政府和机构制定的政策和程序必须考虑到残疾女性的多种需求。
