Stern Yonatan, Koren Danny, Moebus Renana, Panishev Gabriella, Salomon Roy
Psychology Department, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
J Clin Med. 2020 Sep 11;9(9):2931. doi: 10.3390/jcm9092931.
The bodily-self, our experience of being a body, arises from the interaction of several processes. For example, embodied Sense of Agency (SoA), the feeling of controlling our body's actions, is a fundamental facet of the bodily-self. SoA is disturbed in psychosis, with stress promoting its inception. However, there is little knowledge regarding the relationship between SoA, stress, and other facets of the bodily-self. In four experiments manipulating embodied SoA using a virtual hand (VH), we examined (1) How is embodied SoA related to other facets of the bodily-self?; and (2) How is SoA impacted by stress? We found that increased alteration of the VH significantly decreased subjective ratings of SoA and body ownership (Exp. 1), supporting the close relation between SoA and body ownership. Interoceptive accuracy and SoA were positively correlated (Exp. 3), connecting awareness to one's actions and cardiac signals. Contrary to our expectations, SoA was not related to trait anxiety (Exp. 3), nor did induced stress impair SoA (Exp. 4). Finally, we found a negative correlation between self-reported prodromal symptoms and SoA. These results strongly support the connection between SoA and the bodily-self. Whereas, SoA was not impaired by stress, and weakly related to psychotic symptoms.
身体自我，即我们作为身体的体验，源于多个过程的相互作用。例如，具身能动性意识（SoA），即控制我们身体动作的感觉，是身体自我的一个基本方面。SoA在精神病中会受到干扰，压力会促使其产生。然而，关于SoA、压力和身体自我的其他方面之间的关系，我们知之甚少。在四项使用虚拟手（VH）操纵具身SoA的实验中，我们研究了：（1）具身SoA与身体自我的其他方面有何关系？以及（2）SoA如何受到压力的影响？我们发现，VH改变的增加显著降低了SoA和身体所有权的主观评分（实验1），支持了SoA与身体所有权之间的密切关系。内感受准确性与SoA呈正相关（实验3），将对自身动作的意识与心脏信号联系起来。与我们的预期相反，SoA与特质焦虑无关（实验3），诱导的压力也没有损害SoA（实验4）。最后我们发现，自我报告的前驱症状与SoA之间存在负相关。这些结果有力地支持了SoA与身体自我之间的联系。然而，SoA并未因压力而受损，且与精神病症状的关联较弱。
