Wang Jintian, Ruan Xinyang, Qiu Jiahao, Liang Hao, Guo Xingzhong, Yang Hui
State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
Pan Asia Microvent Tech (Jiangsu) Coporation & Zhejiang University Micro-nano-porous Materials Joint Research Development Center, Changzhou 213100, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2020 Sep 11;12(9):2066. doi: 10.3390/polym12092066.
Hierarchically porous carbon aerogels (CAs) were prepared by organic condensation gelation method combined with atmospheric drying and pore-formation technology, followed by a carbonization process. With as-prepared CAs as substrate, the transition metal oxide nanoparticles loaded CAs composites (MnO/MnO@CA and Ni/NiO@CA) were achieved by means of liquid etching method combined with heat treatment, respectively. The catalyst, pore-forming agent and etching have important roles on the apparent density and pore structure of CAs. The hydrochloric acid (catalyst) significantly accelerates the gelation process and influences the size and distribution of macropores, whereas the addition of PEG2000 (pore-forming agent) and the etching of liquid solution leads to the formation of mesopore structure in CAs. Appropriate amounts of hydrochloric acid and PEG2000 allow the formation of hierarchically porous CAs with a BET surface area of 482.9 m·g and a macropore size of 11.3 μm. After etching and loading, the framework of CAs is etched to become a mesoporous structure, and the transition metal oxide nanoparticles can be uniformly loaded in CAs. These resultant composites have promising application in super capacitor, electrocatalysis, batteries and other fields.
采用有机缩合凝胶法结合常压干燥和造孔技术制备了分级多孔碳气凝胶（CAs），随后进行碳化处理。以制备好的CAs为基底，分别通过液蚀法结合热处理制备了负载过渡金属氧化物纳米颗粒的CAs复合材料（MnO/MnO@CA和Ni/NiO@CA）。催化剂、造孔剂和蚀刻对CAs的表观密度和孔结构有重要影响。盐酸（催化剂）显著加速凝胶化过程并影响大孔的尺寸和分布，而添加PEG2000（造孔剂）和液体溶液的蚀刻导致CAs中形成介孔结构。适量的盐酸和PEG2000可形成分级多孔CAs，其BET表面积为482.9 m·g，大孔尺寸为11.3μm。蚀刻和负载后，CAs的骨架被蚀刻成介孔结构，过渡金属氧化物纳米颗粒可均匀负载在CAs中。这些所得复合材料在超级电容器、电催化、电池等领域具有广阔的应用前景。
