Ross Daniel E, Marshall Christopher W, Gulliver Djuna, May Harold D, Norman R Sean
National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Leidos Research Support Team, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
mSystems. 2020 Sep 15;5(5):e00277-20. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.00277-20.
Acetogens are anaerobic bacteria capable of fixing CO or CO to produce acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) and ultimately acetate using the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway (WLP). is the type strain of the genus and has been critical for understanding the biochemistry and energy conservation in acetogens. Members of the genus have been isolated from a variety of environments or have had genomes recovered from metagenome data, but no systematic investigation has been done on the unique and various metabolisms of the genus. To gain a better appreciation for the metabolic breadth of the genus, we sequenced the genomes of 4 isolates (, , , and ) and conducted a comparative genome analysis (pan-genome) of 11 different genomes. A unifying feature of the genus is the carbon-fixing WLP. The methyl (cluster II) and carbonyl (cluster III) branches of the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway are highly conserved across all sequenced genomes, but cluster I encoding the formate dehydrogenase is not. In contrast to , all but four strains encode two distinct Rnf clusters, Rnf being the primary respiratory enzyme complex. Metabolism of fructose, lactate, and H:CO was conserved across the genus, but metabolism of ethanol, methanol, caffeate, and 2,3-butanediol varied. Additionally, clade-specific metabolic potential was observed, such as amino acid transport and metabolism in the psychrophilic species, and biofilm formation in the clade, which may afford these groups an advantage in low-temperature growth or attachment to solid surfaces, respectively. Acetogens are anaerobic bacteria capable of fixing CO or CO to produce acetyl-CoA and ultimately acetate using the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway (WLP). This autotrophic metabolism plays a major role in the global carbon cycle and, if harnessed, can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Overall, the data presented here provide a framework for examining the ecology and evolution of the genus and highlight the potential of these species as a source for production of fuels and chemicals from CO feedstocks.
产乙酸菌是一类厌氧细菌，能够利用伍德-Ljungdahl 途径（WLP）固定 CO 或 CO₂ 以产生乙酰辅酶 A（乙酰-CoA），最终生成乙酸盐。[具体菌株名称]是[属名]的模式菌株，对于理解产乙酸菌的生物化学和能量守恒至关重要。[属名]的成员已从各种环境中分离出来，或已从宏基因组数据中获得基因组，但尚未对该属独特多样的代谢进行系统研究。为了更好地了解该属的代谢广度，我们对 4 个分离株（[分离株名称 1]、[分离株名称 2]、[分离株名称 3]和[分离株名称 4]）的基因组进行了测序，并对 11 个不同的[属名]基因组进行了比较基因组分析（泛基因组分析）。[属名]的一个统一特征是碳固定的 WLP。伍德-Ljungdahl 途径的甲基（簇 II）和羰基（簇 III）分支在所有测序的[属名]基因组中高度保守，但编码甲酸脱氢酶的簇 I 并非如此。与[对比菌株]不同，除了 4 个菌株外，所有菌株都编码两个不同的 Rnf 簇，Rnf 是主要的呼吸酶复合物。果糖、乳酸和 H₂:CO₃ 的代谢在该属中是保守的，但乙醇、甲醇、咖啡酸和 2,3-丁二醇的代谢有所不同。此外，还观察到了分支特异性的代谢潜力，例如嗜冷菌中的氨基酸转运和代谢，以及[特定分支名称]分支中的生物膜形成，这可能分别使这些群体在低温生长或附着于固体表面方面具有优势。产乙酸菌是一类厌氧细菌，能够利用伍德-Ljungdahl 途径（WLP）固定 CO 或 CO₂ 以产生乙酰-CoA，最终生成乙酸盐。这种自养代谢在全球碳循环中起着重要作用，如果加以利用，可以帮助减少温室气体排放。总体而言，本文提供的数据为研究[属名]的生态学和进化提供了一个框架，并突出了这些物种作为从 CO 原料生产燃料和化学品来源的潜力。
