College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Nov;131:110686. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110686. Epub 2020 Sep 13.
Stroke seriously threatens human health because of its characteristics of high morbidity, disability, recurrence, and mortality, thus representing a heavy financial and mental burden to affected families and society. Many preclinical effective drugs end in clinical-translation failure. Animal models are an important approach for studying diseases and drug effects, and play a central role in biomedical research. Some details about animal models of cerebral ischemia have not been published, such as left-/right-sided lesions or permanent cerebral ischemia/cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. In this review, ischemia in the left- and right-hemisphere in patients with clinical stroke and preclinical studies were compared for the first time, as were the mechanisms of permanent cerebral ischemia and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in different phases of the disease. The results showed that stroke in the left hemisphere was more common in clinical patients, and that most patients with stroke failed to achieve successful recanalization. Significant differences were detected between permanent cerebral ischemia and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion models in the early, subacute, and recovery phases. Therefore, it is recommended that, with the exception of the determined experimental purpose or drug mechanism, left-sided permanent cerebral ischemia animal models should be prioritized, as they would be more in line with the clinical scenario and would promote clinical translation. In addition, other details regarding the preoperative management, surgical procedures, and postoperative care of these animals are provided, to help establish a precise, effective, and reproducible model of cerebral ischemia model and establish a reference for researchers in this field.
中风因其高发病率、高致残率、高复发率和高死亡率的特点，严重威胁着人类的健康，给患者家庭和社会带来沉重的经济和精神负担。许多临床前有效的药物最终都未能在临床转化中取得成功。动物模型是研究疾病和药物作用的重要手段，在生物医学研究中起着核心作用。一些关于脑缺血动物模型的细节尚未公布，例如左侧/右侧病变或永久性脑缺血/脑缺血再灌注。在本综述中，首次比较了临床中风患者和临床前研究中左、右侧半球的缺血情况，以及不同疾病阶段永久性脑缺血和脑缺血再灌注的机制。结果表明，临床患者中左侧半球中风更为常见，大多数中风患者未能实现成功再通。在早期、亚急性期和恢复期，永久性脑缺血和脑缺血再灌注模型之间存在显著差异。因此，建议除非实验目的或药物机制明确，否则应优先选择左侧永久性脑缺血动物模型，因为它们更符合临床情况，有助于促进临床转化。此外，还提供了这些动物术前管理、手术程序和术后护理的其他细节，以帮助建立一个精确、有效的、可重现的脑缺血模型，并为该领域的研究人员提供参考。
