培训医疗服务提供者在初级保健中解决不健康饮酒问题：一项横断面、多中心研究。

Training health providers to address unhealthy alcohol use in primary care: a cross-sectional, multicenter study.

机构信息

Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.

Teaching Unit of Family and Community Medicine of Cordoba, Program of Preventive Activities and Health Promotion -PAPPS- (semFYC), Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.

出版信息

BMC Health Serv Res. 2020 Sep 16;20(1):877. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-05730-4.

DOI:10.1186/s12913-020-05730-4

PMID:32938457

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7493933/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Health professionals' training is a key element to address unhealthy alcohol use in Primary Care (PC). Education about alcohol use can be effective in improving PC provider's knowledge and skills addressing alcohol-related problems. The aim of the study was to evaluate the training of health professionals to address unhealthy alcohol use in PC.

METHODS

An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study was performed.

LOCATION

PC centres of the Spanish National Health System (SNHS).

PARTICIPANTS

Family physicians, residents and nurses completed an online questionnaire that inquired about their training (none, basic, medium or advanced), knowledge and preventive practices aimed at reducing unhealthy alcohol use. The study population was recruited via random sampling, stratified by the regions of the SNHS's PC centre, and by email invitation to members of two Spanish scientific societies of Family Medicine.

RESULTS

A total of 1760 professionals participated in the study. Sixty-seven percent (95% CI: 67.5-71.8) reported not having received specific training to address unhealthy alcohol use, 30% (95% CI: 27.4-31.7) reported having received basic training, and 3% (95% CI: 2.3-4.0) medium/advanced training. The training received was greater in younger providers (p < 0.001) who participated in the PAPPS (Preventive Activities and Health Promotion Programme) (p < 0.001). Higher percentages of providers with intermediate or advanced training reported performing screening for unhealthy alcohol use (p < 0.001), clinical assessment of alcohol consumption (p < 0.001), counselling of patients to reduce their alcohol intake (p < 0.001) or to abstain, in the cases of pregnant women and drivers (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Our study reveals a low level of training among Spanish PC providers to address unhealthy alcohol use. A higher percentage of screening, clinical assessment and counselling interventions aimed at reducing unhealthy alcohol use was reported by health professionals with an intermediate or advanced level of training.

摘要

背景

卫生专业人员的培训是解决初级保健（PC）中不健康饮酒问题的关键要素。关于饮酒的教育可以有效提高 PC 提供者在解决与酒精相关问题方面的知识和技能。本研究旨在评估卫生专业人员在 PC 中解决不健康饮酒问题的培训情况。

方法

本研究采用观察性、描述性、横断面、多中心研究方法。

地点

西班牙国家卫生系统（SNHS）的 PC 中心。

参与者

家庭医生、住院医师和护士完成了一份在线问卷，其中询问了他们的培训情况（无、基础、中等或高级）、针对减少不健康饮酒的知识和预防实践。研究人群通过随机抽样招募，按 SNHS 的 PC 中心地区和通过邀请两个西班牙家庭医学科学协会的成员进行电子邮件邀请进行分层。

结果

共有 1760 名专业人员参与了研究。67%（95%CI：67.5-71.8）的人报告称未接受过专门针对不健康饮酒问题的培训，30%（95%CI：27.4-31.7）的人报告称接受过基础培训，3%（95%CI：2.3-4.0）的人接受过中等/高级培训。接受培训的人更年轻（p<0.001），且更多地参加了 PAPPS（预防活动和健康促进计划）（p<0.001）。具有中级或高级培训的提供者报告进行了更多的不健康饮酒筛查（p<0.001）、进行了更全面的酒精摄入临床评估（p<0.001）、对患者进行了更多的咨询以减少其饮酒量（p<0.001）或建议孕妇和司机戒酒（p<0.001）。