西班牙初级卫生保健提供者的饮酒情况：一项全国性、横断面研究。
Alcohol consumption in Spanish primary health care providers: a national, cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
Teaching Unit of Family and Community Medicine, Health District of Cordoba and Guadalquivir, Cordoba, Spain.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2019 Feb 19;9(2):e024211. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024211.
AIM
To estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption and analyse the drinking patterns among primary healthcare (PHC) providers.
DESIGN
Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study.
SETTING
PHC centres in the Spanish National Health System (SNHS).
PARTICIPANTS
Doctors and nurses who completed an online questionnaire which explored their alcohol intake, using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) alcohol assessment tool. The study population was recruited by random sampling stratified by regions of the SNHS PHC centres.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
Frequency of alcohol consumption, number of alcohol drinks on a typical day, frequency of more than six standard drinks (SDs) intake.
RESULTS
A total of 1760 PHC providers completed the questionnaire. The frequency of alcohol consumption was: abstention (12%, 95% CI 10.4% to 13.5%); one or less SDs/month (26%, 95% CI 23.8% to 27.9%); 2-4 SDs/month (32.2%, 95% CI 29.7% to 34.1%); 2-3 SDs/week (17.9%, 95% CI 16.0% to 19.6%); four or more SDs/week (11.9%, 95% CI 10.3% to 13.3%). The number of drinks on a typical day was: none (45.6%, 95% CI 42.9% to 47.6%); 1-2 drinks (47.3%, 95% CI 23.8% to 27.9%); 3-4 drinks (6.5%, 95% CI 5.3% to 7.6%). The percentage of hazardous drinking, according to AUDIT-C criteria, was 32% (95% CI 26.7 to 37.3), with a greater frequency of intake in older professionals (p<0.001), in contrast to a higher number of drinks consumed on a typical day by younger providers (p<0.001). Intake was higher among males (p<0.001), primary care physicians (p<0.001) and resident trainers (p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Our study discloses the most up-to-date portrait of current alcohol consumption among Spanish PHC providers, showing a higher prevalence of alcohol intake, compared with the general population. Preventive strategies should be implemented to improve the awareness and training of PHC professionals towards alcohol consumption.
目的
评估初级医疗保健（PHC）提供者的饮酒情况，并分析其饮酒模式。
设计
观察性、横断面、描述性研究。
地点
西班牙国家卫生系统（SNHS）的 PHC 中心。
参与者
完成了在线问卷的医生和护士，该问卷使用酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT-C）酒精评估工具调查了他们的饮酒量。通过 SNHS PHC 中心区域的分层随机抽样招募了研究人群。
主要和次要结果测量
饮酒频率、典型日饮酒量、超过六标准杯（SD）摄入量的频率。
结果
共有 1760 名 PHC 提供者完成了问卷。饮酒频率为：禁欲（12%，95%置信区间 10.4%至 13.5%）；每月 1 或更少 SD（26%，95%置信区间 23.8%至 27.9%）；每月 2-4 SD（32.2%，95%置信区间 29.7%至 34.1%）；每周 2-3 SD（17.9%，95%置信区间 16.0%至 19.6%）；每周 4 或更多 SD（11.9%，95%置信区间 10.3%至 13.3%）。典型日饮酒量为：无（45.6%，95%置信区间 42.9%至 47.6%）；1-2 杯（47.3%，95%置信区间 23.8%至 27.9%）；3-4 杯（6.5%，95%置信区间 5.3%至 7.6%）。根据 AUDIT-C 标准，危险饮酒的百分比为 32%（95%置信区间 26.7 至 37.3），较年长的专业人员饮酒频率更高（p<0.001），而较年轻的提供者在典型日的饮酒量更高（p<0.001）。男性（p<0.001）、初级保健医生（p<0.001）和住院医师培训师（p<0.001）的摄入量较高。
结论
我们的研究揭示了西班牙 PHC 提供者当前饮酒情况的最新情况，与一般人群相比，饮酒者的比例更高。应实施预防策略，以提高 PHC 专业人员对饮酒的认识和培训。
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