Toole Jamie, McKenna Gerry, Smyth Joanna
Consultant/Honorary Clinical Lecturer in Oral Surgery, Centre for Dentistry, Queen's University Belfast.
Senior Lecturer/Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast.
Prim Dent J. 2020 Sep;9(3):54-58. doi: 10.1177/2050168420943977.
When undertaking dental extractions in modern dental practice, two of the complications that have the potential to cause most apprehension for clinicians are the risks of osteonecrosis of the jaws and uncontrollable haemorrhage. This is especially the case when treating older patients because of the increased likelihood of co-morbidities and accompanying polypharmacy which can predispose patients to these problems. Specific medications of concern to practitioners in relation to osteonecrosis risk are antiangiogenic and antiresorptive drugs. Patients taking dual antiplatelet therapy and direct oral anticoagulants require consideration in relation to bleeding risk. With these medications coming increasingly to the forefront over recent years, guidance has been developed by organisations such as the Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme (SDCEP). Appropriate use of these guideline should ensure that patients felt to be at particular risk of these complications can frequently be safely managed in primary care. This article aims to provide advice on recognising patients at risk, and to discuss how to utilise key messages within published guidelines when making treatment decisions. The overall intent is to help primary care clinicians who are likely to encounter these patients more and more.
在现代牙科实践中进行拔牙时,有两种并发症可能会让临床医生最为担心,即颌骨坏死和无法控制的出血风险。在治疗老年患者时尤其如此,因为合并症和伴随的多种药物治疗的可能性增加,这可能使患者易患这些问题。与骨坏死风险相关的临床医生特别关注的特定药物是抗血管生成和抗吸收药物。服用双联抗血小板治疗药物和直接口服抗凝剂的患者需要考虑出血风险。近年来,随着这些药物越来越受到关注,诸如苏格兰牙科临床疗效计划(SDCEP)等组织已经制定了指导意见。合理使用这些指南应确保那些被认为有这些并发症特别风险的患者通常可以在初级保健中得到安全管理。本文旨在提供关于识别有风险患者的建议,并讨论在做出治疗决策时如何利用已发表指南中的关键信息。总体目的是帮助越来越可能遇到这些患者的初级保健临床医生。