Interdisciplinary Sleep Medicine Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2020 Nov;26(6):650-656. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000726.
Diagnosis of sleep apnoea was performed in sleep laboratories with polysomnography. This requires a room with supervision and presence of technologists and trained sleep experts. Today, clinical guidelines in most countries recommend home sleep apnoea testing with simple systems using six signals only. If criteria for signal quality, recording conditions, and patient selection are considered, then this is a reliable test with high accuracy.
Recently diagnostic tools for sleep apnoea diagnosis become even more simple: smartwatches and wearables with smart apps claim to diagnose sleep apnoea when these devices are tracking sleep and sleep quality as part of new consumer health checking. Alternative and new devices range from excellent diagnostic tools with high accuracy and full validation studies down to very low-quality tools which only result in random diagnostic reports. Due to the high prevalence of sleep apnoea, even a random diagnosis may match a real disorder sometimes.
Until now, there are no metrics established how to evaluate these alternative algorithms and simple devices. Proposals for evaluating smartwatches, smartphones, single-use sensors, and new algorithms are presented. New assessments may help to overcome current limitations in sleep apnoea severity metrics. VIDEO ABSTRACT: http://links.lww.com/COPM/A28.
睡眠呼吸暂停的诊断是在睡眠实验室进行的，采用多导睡眠图。这需要一个有监督和技术人员及训练有素的睡眠专家在场的房间。如今，大多数国家的临床指南都建议使用仅使用六个信号的简单系统进行家庭睡眠呼吸暂停测试。如果考虑信号质量、记录条件和患者选择的标准，那么这是一种具有高准确性的可靠测试。
最近，睡眠呼吸暂停诊断的诊断工具变得更加简单：智能手表和带有智能应用程序的可穿戴设备声称可以在这些设备跟踪睡眠和睡眠质量时诊断睡眠呼吸暂停，这是新的消费者健康检查的一部分。替代和新设备的范围从具有高精度和全面验证研究的优秀诊断工具到仅产生随机诊断报告的低质量工具。由于睡眠呼吸暂停的高患病率，即使是随机诊断有时也可能与真正的疾病相符。
到目前为止，还没有建立评估这些替代算法和简单设备的指标。提出了用于评估智能手表、智能手机、一次性传感器和新算法的建议。新的评估方法可能有助于克服当前睡眠呼吸暂停严重程度指标的局限性。视频摘要：http://links.lww.com/COPM/A28。
