Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Department of Education, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700078, India.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 15;17(18):6706. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186706.
There is a shortage of research on the participation of children with intellectual disabilities from middle-income countries. Also, most child assessments measure either the child's or the caregiver's perceptions of participation. Participation, however, is an amalgamation of both perspectives, as caregivers play a significant role in both accessing and facilitating opportunities for children's participation. This paper reports on both perceptions-those of children with intellectual disabilities and those of their caregiver, in India and South Africa. A quantitative group comparison was conducted using the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) that was translated into Bengali and four South African languages. One hundred child-caregiver dyads from India and 123 pairs from South Africa participated in the study. The results revealed interesting similarities and differences in participation patterns, both between countries and between children and their caregivers. Differences between countries were mostly related to the intensity of participation, with whom, and where participation occurred. Caregiver and child reports differed significantly regarding participation and the enjoyment of activities. This study emphasises the need for consideration of cultural differences when examining participation and suggests that a combined caregiver-and-child-reported approach may provide the broadest perspective on children's participation.
针对来自中等收入国家的智障儿童参与情况的研究较为匮乏。此外，大多数儿童评估都只衡量儿童或照顾者对参与的看法。然而，参与是这两个视角的融合，因为照顾者在为儿童参与获取和提供机会方面发挥着重要作用。本文报告了来自印度和南非的智障儿童及其照顾者的这两种看法。研究使用了经过孟加拉语和四种南非语言翻译的《儿童参与和享受评估》（CAPE）进行了定量的组间比较。来自印度的 100 对儿童-照顾者和来自南非的 123 对参与了该研究。结果揭示了参与模式在国家之间以及儿童和他们的照顾者之间的有趣的相似和差异。国家之间的差异主要与参与的强度、与谁以及在哪里发生有关。照顾者和儿童对参与和活动的享受的报告有显著差异。这项研究强调了在研究参与情况时需要考虑文化差异，并表明照顾者和儿童联合报告的方法可能提供对儿童参与情况的最广泛视角。
