Ullenhag Anna, Krumlinde-Sundholm Lena, Granlund Mats, Almqvist Lena
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Neuropediatric Unit , Stockholm , Sweden .
Disabil Rehabil. 2014;36(6):464-71. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2013.798360. Epub 2013 Jun 5.
To compare participation in leisure activities between Swedish children with and without disabilities and to examine whether age, gender, presence of disabilities, and mother's educational level influence participation.
A Swedish version of the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment was used to study the diversity, intensity, and enjoyment of participation in leisure activities of children aged 6 to 17 years. Fifty-five of the children had disabilities and 337 of the children did not have disabilities. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to explore the impact of age, gender, mother's level of education, and disability on the diversity, intensity, and enjoyment of leisure activities. A t-test for independent samples was used to compare the diversity and intensity of participation between children with and without disabilities.
The multiple regression analysis explained 4-36% of the variance of diversity, intensity, and enjoyment. Children with disabilities participated with higher diversity, but with less intensity, than children without disabilities. Younger children had higher levels of enjoyment.
Children with disabilities participated in several different activities, but the presence of a disability was associated with lower intensity of participation. The low explanatory value of the investigated variables indicates that the combined effect of several variables needs to be taken into consideration when designing participation interventions. Implications for Rehabilitation Children with disabilities participated in a high number of activities but with a low intensity compared to children without disabilities. Analysis of the children's personal and environmental barriers and facilitators is critical to providing the therapist with ideas about which strategies should be implemented to increase participation. Assessment and intervention may need to focus on methods for supporting the children's autonomy and on creating goals for intervention that focus on activities that are determined by the child based on their interests and desires. Age and gender influenced the variance in the diversity and enjoyment outcome and the presence of disability was associated with the intensity outcome. Age, gender, parental educational level, and disability only explain a small proportion of the variance in leisure participation patterns. Thus, client-centred and individually tailored interventions are needed that are based on the individual's unique situation.
比较瑞典残疾儿童与非残疾儿童参与休闲活动的情况，并研究年龄、性别、残疾状况及母亲的教育水平是否会影响参与度。
采用瑞典版的《儿童参与和享受情况评估》来研究6至17岁儿童参与休闲活动的多样性、强度和享受程度。其中55名儿童有残疾，337名儿童无残疾。进行多元回归分析，以探究年龄、性别、母亲教育水平和残疾对休闲活动多样性、强度和享受程度的影响。使用独立样本t检验比较残疾儿童与非残疾儿童参与的多样性和强度。
多元回归分析解释了多样性、强度和享受程度方差的4 - 36%。与非残疾儿童相比，残疾儿童参与的活动种类更多，但强度较低。年龄较小的儿童享受程度更高。
残疾儿童参与了多种不同的活动，但残疾状况与较低的参与强度相关。所研究变量的解释力较低，这表明在设计参与干预措施时，需要考虑多个变量的综合影响。康复启示 与非残疾儿童相比，残疾儿童参与的活动数量较多，但强度较低。分析儿童的个人和环境障碍及促进因素对于为治疗师提供关于应实施哪些策略以增加参与度的想法至关重要。评估和干预可能需要侧重于支持儿童自主性的方法，以及制定以儿童根据自身兴趣和愿望确定的活动为重点的干预目标。年龄和性别影响了多样性和享受程度结果的方差，残疾状况与强度结果相关。年龄、性别、父母教育水平和残疾仅解释了休闲参与模式中方差的一小部分。因此，需要基于个体独特情况进行以客户为中心且量身定制的干预。
