Fink A, Gebhard B, Erdwiens S, Haddenhorst L, Nowak S
Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Nordhausen, Nordhausen, Germany.
Child Care Health Dev. 2016 Sep;42(5):683-91. doi: 10.1111/cch.12360. Epub 2016 Jun 8.
The introduction of the International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health of the World Health Organization in 2001 made social participation a major rehabilitation outcome and the ultimate goal of rehabilitation services. There is no available instrument to measure the youth participation in leisure activities apart from asking the youth themselves. The goal of this study was to present a German version of the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment and Preferences for Activities of Children (CAPE/PAC).
The CAPE/PAC questionnaire was translated into German, a cultural adaptation process was designed and a reliability study was conducted. One hundred and fifty-two youths with and without disabilities, with a mean age of 15.2 years (standard deviation 1.7), participated in the study. The participants completed CAPE and PAC twice within 4 weeks. Reliability was examined by intraclass correlation coefficients, standard error of measurement, smallest detectable change and Cronbach's alpha.
The absolute values of participation differ between the typically developed youth group and those with impairments; the reliability of the CAPE/PAC is comparable in both groups. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.43 to 0.74 for the CAPE and from 0.71 to 0.83 for the PAC in all participants. The alpha values for internal consistency ranged from 0.42 to 0.82 for the CAPE and from 0.65 to 0.92 for the PAC.
The German version of the PAC showed satisfactory reliability; however, reliability was not satisfactory for all scores of the CAPE, but comparable with versions in other languages. The need for newly developed participation measurements requires further discussion.
2001年世界卫生组织《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》的推出，使社会参与成为主要的康复成果以及康复服务的最终目标。除了询问青少年自身外，目前尚无可用的工具来衡量青少年参与休闲活动的情况。本研究的目的是呈现《儿童参与和享受评估及儿童活动偏好量表》（CAPE/PAC）的德语版本。
将CAPE/PAC问卷翻译成德语，设计了文化适应过程并进行了信度研究。152名有或无残疾的青少年参与了该研究，平均年龄为15.2岁（标准差1.7）。参与者在4周内分两次完成CAPE和PAC。通过组内相关系数、测量标准误差、最小可检测变化和克朗巴哈系数来检验信度。
发育正常的青少年组和有损伤的青少年组之间的参与绝对值有所不同；CAPE/PAC在两组中的信度相当。所有参与者中，CAPE的组内相关系数范围为0.43至0.74，PAC的组内相关系数范围为0.71至0.83。CAPE的内部一致性α值范围为0.42至0.82，PAC的内部一致性α值范围为0.65至0.92。
PAC的德语版本显示出令人满意的信度；然而，CAPE的所有得分的信度并不令人满意，但与其他语言版本相当。对新开发的参与度测量工具的需求需要进一步讨论。
