Wise Richard A, Kehn Andre
Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
Psychiatr Psychol Law. 2020 Mar 19;27(2):315-330. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2020.1733696. eCollection 2020.
For over 35years, scholars have searched with little success for a legal safeguard that can sensitize jurors to eyewitness testimony. The present study explored whether expert testimony that uses the I-I-Eye method of analyzing eyewitness testimony can improve juror sensitivity to eyewitness evidence. Participants read a trial transcript with no expert testimony, standard expert testimony or expert testimony that used the I-I-Eye method. The two transcripts for the three expert groups had either strong or weak eyewitness testimony. Unlike the control participants, the I-I-Eye expert participants rendered significantly more guilty verdicts in the strong than in the weak case. The standard expert testimony did not affect verdicts even though it increased participants' knowledge of the eyewitness factors. It appears that the I-I-Eye method improved sensitivity because it not only increased participants' knowledge of eyewitness factors, but also explained how to use that knowledge in assessing eyewitness accuracy.
35多年来，学者们一直在寻找一种能让陪审员对 eyewitness testimony（目击证人证词）敏感起来的法律保障措施，但收效甚微。本研究探讨了使用I-I-Eye分析目击证人证词方法的专家证词是否能提高陪审员对目击证人证据的敏感度。参与者阅读了一份没有专家证词、标准专家证词或使用I-I-Eye方法的专家证词的审判记录。三个专家组的两份记录分别有强有力或薄弱的目击证人证词。与对照组参与者不同，I-I-Eye专家组的参与者在强有力的案件中做出有罪裁决的比例明显高于薄弱案件。标准专家证词虽然增加了参与者对目击证人因素的了解，但并未影响裁决。看来I-I-Eye方法提高了敏感度，因为它不仅增加了参与者对目击证人因素的了解，还解释了如何在评估目击证人准确性时运用这些知识。
