University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Law Hum Behav. 2011 Jun;35(3):200-10. doi: 10.1007/s10979-010-9232-6.
Surveys typically characterize lay knowledge of eyewitness factors as low and highly variable. However, there are notable differences across methodologies, samples, and individual factors. To examine these differences systematically, we took a meta-analytic approach to reviewing the findings of 23 surveys assessing lay knowledge of eyewitness issues. Our analyses examined the beliefs of 4,669 respondents. Overall, respondents correctly agreed with survey items approximately two-thirds of the time. Results revealed significant differences in performance as a function of variable type, question format, and over time. We found few differences as a function of sample type, publication status, or jurisdiction. Although performance varied, a majority of lay respondents achieved "correct" consensus for as many as 11 of the 16 items included in this review.
调查通常将目击者因素的常识描述为低水平且高度可变。然而，在方法、样本和个体因素方面存在显著差异。为了系统地检查这些差异，我们采用元分析方法回顾了 23 项评估目击者问题常识的调查结果。我们的分析考察了 4669 名受访者的信念。总体而言，受访者大约有三分之二的时间正确同意调查项目。结果显示，表现因变量类型、问题格式和随时间的推移而显著不同。我们发现样本类型、出版状况或管辖范围的差异很小。尽管表现有所不同，但大多数普通受访者对本综述中包含的 16 个项目中的 11 个达成了“正确”共识。
