Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
J Athl Train. 2020 Oct 1;55(10):1013-1019. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-141-19.
Football is the most popular sport among US high school students and among the highest for sport-related concussion (SRC) incidence. Limited data detail how SRCs affect high school football players' psychosocial and health status beyond short-term injury recovery.
To longitudinally assess how SRCs affected symptoms, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in high school football players up to 12 months after SRC.
Prospective cohort study.
Thirty-one Wisconsin high schools.
A total of 1176 interscholastic football players (age = 16.0 ± 1.2 years).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Participants completed the Post-concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) from the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression, and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL) for HRQoL at enrollment. Participants who sustained an SRC repeated each measure within 72 hours of their injury (onset) and at 7 days (D7), return to play (RTP), and 3 months (M3), 6 months (M6), and 12 months (M12) after SRC. Scores at each time point were compared with each participant's baseline using linear mixed models for repeated measures while controlling for age and previous SRC with participant as a random effect.
Sixty-two participants sustained an SRC. Participants reported a higher number of PCSS symptoms, greater symptom severity, and lower PedsQL physical summary scores at onset and D7. From RTP through M12, PCSS symptoms, PCSS severity scores, PedsQL total scores, physical summary, and psychosocial summary were unchanged or improved relative to baseline. The PHQ-9 scores were not higher than baseline at any post-SRC interval.
High school football players in this study who sustained an SRC described no sustained adverse health outcomes (increased PCSS symptoms or symptom severity, increased depression symptoms, or lower HRQoL) after their RTP through M12 after injury.
足球是美国高中生中最受欢迎的运动，也是与运动相关的脑震荡（SRC）发生率最高的运动之一。有限的数据详细说明了 SRC 如何影响高中足球运动员在短期伤愈之外的心理社会和健康状况。
纵向评估 SRC 如何影响高中足球运动员在 SRC 后长达 12 个月的症状、抑郁和健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）。
前瞻性队列研究。
威斯康星州 31 所高中。
共有 1176 名校际足球运动员（年龄=16.0±1.2 岁）。
参与者在入组时完成了运动性脑震荡评估工具 3 版（SCAT3）中的脑震荡后症状量表（PCSS）、患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）抑郁量表和儿科生活质量问卷 4.0（PedsQL）HRQoL 量表。发生 SRC 的参与者在受伤（发病）后 72 小时内以及在 7 天（D7）、重返赛场（RTP）和 3 个月（M3）、6 个月（M6）和 12 个月（M12）时重复每项测量。使用线性混合模型进行重复测量，同时控制年龄和以前的 SRC，将参与者作为随机效应，将每个时间点的分数与每个参与者的基线进行比较。
62 名参与者发生了 SRC。参与者在发病和 D7 时报告了更多的 PCSS 症状、更严重的症状严重程度和更低的 PedsQL 身体总分。从 RTP 到 M12，PCSS 症状、PCSS 严重程度评分、PedsQL 总分、身体总分和心理社会总分与基线相比没有恶化或改善。PHQ-9 评分在任何 post-SRC 间隔内均未高于基线。
在这项研究中，发生 SRC 的高中足球运动员在伤后 RTP 通过 M12 后，没有出现持续的不良健康结果（PCSS 症状或症状严重程度增加、抑郁症状增加或 HRQoL 降低）。
