Infection Prevention and Control Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia.
College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia.
J Infect Public Health. 2020 Nov;13(11):1699-1704. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.08.009. Epub 2020 Sep 15.
The life expectancy of people living with HIV is markedly increasing with the introduction of effective antiretroviral medications. However, these patients face an increased risk of developing multi-morbidities-especially with advanced age. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of and risk factors associated with the occurrence of chronic comorbidities among patients diagnosed with HIV infection.
A retrospective chart review was conducted on the medical records of patients with HIV diagnoses from 2000 to 2018. Data were collected on age, sex, date of diagnosis, associated co-morbidities, antiretroviral medications (ART) and status at time of data collection (alive or deceased). Only adult patients 18 years or above were studied.
A total of 130 confirmed HIV cases were included. Patient ages ranged from 23 to 86 years old (mean±SD 50.1±12.6). Almost half of the patients (48.5%) had at least one associated comorbidity. The most common chronic comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (15.4%), followed by dyslipidemia (10.8%), hypertension (10.8%) and lymphoma (10.0%). Comorbidity proportions increased with advanced patient age (p=0.047). Three or more comorbidities were reported in 40.7% of patients aged 60 years old or above. Using logistic regression analysis, only patients aged 50 years old or above were more likely to have at least one comorbidity (OR=7.59, 95%CI=2.25, 25.61).
The burden of chronic comorbidities among people diagnosed with HIV is high, especially among older age individuals, with an increasing number of comorbidities per patient. Proper counseling for HIV patients is highly recommended-not only for prevention of other infectious diseases (e.g., vaccination) but also for lifestyle modification and self-management for those with chronic conditions.
随着有效抗逆转录病毒药物的引入，艾滋病毒感染者的预期寿命显著提高。然而，这些患者面临着多种疾病的风险增加，尤其是随着年龄的增长。本研究旨在评估诊断为 HIV 感染的患者中慢性合并症的发生情况及其相关危险因素。
对 2000 年至 2018 年期间诊断为 HIV 的患者的病历进行回顾性图表审查。收集的数据包括年龄、性别、诊断日期、合并症、抗逆转录病毒药物（ART）和数据收集时的状态（存活或死亡）。仅研究了 18 岁或以上的成年患者。
共纳入 130 例确诊的 HIV 病例。患者年龄为 23 至 86 岁（平均±标准差 50.1±12.6）。近一半的患者（48.5%）至少有一种合并症。最常见的慢性合并症是糖尿病（15.4%），其次是血脂异常（10.8%）、高血压（10.8%）和淋巴瘤（10.0%）。随着患者年龄的增长，合并症的比例增加（p=0.047）。60 岁或以上的患者中有 40.7%报告有 3 种或更多种合并症。使用逻辑回归分析，只有 50 岁或以上的患者更有可能至少有一种合并症（OR=7.59，95%CI=2.25，25.61）。
诊断为 HIV 的患者中慢性合并症的负担很高，尤其是年龄较大的患者，每个患者的合并症数量也在增加。强烈建议对 HIV 患者进行适当的咨询，不仅是为了预防其他传染病（如疫苗接种），还包括对慢性病患者的生活方式改变和自我管理。
