Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Simulation Innovation Laboratory, Department of Urology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
J Sex Med. 2020 Nov;17(11):2299-2306. doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.08.003. Epub 2020 Sep 15.
There is a significant need for a non-biohazardous, educational platform to equip and maintain the surgical skills required by urology trainees and low-volume implanters for inflatable penile prosthetic (IPP) placement.
To design and develop an anatomic, hydrogel-based simulation platform for training and evaluate IPP placement using modern education theory.
The backward design concept was used as a framework in the design and development of an IPP simulation platform. Steps included delineating requirements from a physicians' perspective, translating requirements into engineering tasks (deliverables), developing a prototype, and pilot validation. Using a combination of 3-dimensional printing and hydrogel casting, a genitourinary tract model was constructed to replicate the appropriate steps of IPP placement guided by expert feedback. Full-immersion IPP simulations were performed through both infrapubic and penoscrotal approaches by 4 expert surgeons under operative conditions. Questionnaires evaluating the simulation's realism, value as a training tool, and further recommendations were completed.
Using backward design educational pedagogy, a high-fidelity, full-procedural IPP simulation was fabricated and verified as an adequate educational tool for training and assessment.
An expert consensus on the anatomic landmarks, steps and substeps, instruments, and errors to be included in the model was reached using a hierarchical task analysis and was successfully translated into a prototype hydrogel model. Experts performed all appropriate steps of IPP surgery and rated the simulation highly in terms of its realism and value as a training tool. On average, experts agreed that the model could function as a training tool, assessment tool, prerequisite for IPP accreditation, and requirement before live surgery. Experts stated they would have their trainees ideally complete an average of 1.75 models before live surgical training. All experts believed an operative checklist would be an ideal assessment tool. Witthaus MW, Saba P, Melnyk R, et al. The Future of Penile Prosthetic Surgical Training Is Here: Design of a Hydrogel Model for Inflatable Penile Prosthetic Placement Using Modern Education Theory. J Sex Med 2020;17:2299-2306.
目前非常需要一个非生物危害的教育平台，为泌尿科受训者和低容量植入者提供可充气阴茎假体 (IPP) 放置所需的技能培训和维护。
设计和开发一种基于解剖结构的水凝胶模拟平台，使用现代教育理论培训和评估 IPP 放置。
使用反向设计概念作为设计和开发 IPP 模拟平台的框架。步骤包括从医生的角度确定要求，将要求转化为工程任务（可交付成果），开发原型并进行试点验证。通过 3D 打印和水凝胶铸造的组合，构建了一个生殖泌尿系统模型，根据专家反馈指导，复制 IPP 放置的适当步骤。4 名专家外科医生在手术条件下通过耻骨下入路和阴茎阴囊入路进行完全沉浸式 IPP 模拟。通过问卷调查评估模拟的真实性、作为培训工具的价值以及进一步的建议。
使用反向设计教育教学法，制造出一种高保真、全程序的 IPP 模拟，被验证为一种用于培训和评估的有效教育工具。
使用层次任务分析达成了关于模型中应包含的解剖学标志、步骤和子步骤、器械和错误的专家共识，并成功将其转化为原型水凝胶模型。专家完成了 IPP 手术的所有适当步骤，并高度评价了模拟的真实性和培训工具的价值。平均而言，专家认为该模型可以作为培训工具、评估工具、IPP 认证的先决条件和活体手术前的要求。专家表示，他们希望让他们的学员在活体手术培训前平均完成 1.75 个模型。所有专家都认为手术检查表将是一种理想的评估工具。Witthaus MW、Saba P、Melnyk R 等人。可充气阴茎假体放置的现代教育理论水凝胶模型的设计：未来的阴茎假体手术培训在这里。性医学杂志 2020;17:2299-2306。
