Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Center of Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, P.R. China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1255:231-247. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-4494-1_19.
The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a powerful tool for exploring the complexity, clusters, and specific functions of the brain cells. Using scRNA-seq, the heterogeneity and changes in transcriptomic profiles of a single neuron were defined during dynamic development and differentiation of cells in cerebral cortex regions, and in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. One of the great challenges is that the brain sample is susceptible to interference and confounding. More advanced methodologies of computational systems biology need to be developed to overcome the inherent interference and technical differences in the detection of single-cell signals. It is expected that scRNA-seq will be extended to metabolic profiles of the single neuron cell on basis of transcriptional profiles and regulatory networks. It is also expected if the transcriptional profiles can be integrated with molecular and functional phenomes in a single neuron and with disease-specific phenomes to understand molecular mechanisms of brain development and disease occurrence. scRNA-seq will provide the new emerging neurological disciple of the artificial intelligent single neuron for deep understanding of brain diseases.
单细胞 RNA 测序 (scRNA-seq) 是一种强大的工具，可用于探索大脑细胞的复杂性、聚类和特定功能。利用 scRNA-seq，可以在大脑皮层区域细胞的动态发育和分化过程中，以及在神经疾病的发病机制中，定义单个神经元转录组特征的异质性和变化。其中一个巨大的挑战是，大脑样本容易受到干扰和混杂因素的影响。需要开发更先进的计算系统生物学方法学，以克服单细胞信号检测中的固有干扰和技术差异。预计 scRNA-seq 将在转录组和调控网络的基础上扩展到单个神经元细胞的代谢特征。如果可以将转录组与单个神经元的分子和功能表型以及特定疾病的表型进行整合，以了解大脑发育和疾病发生的分子机制，这将是非常有意义的。scRNA-seq 将为人工智能单神经元这一新兴神经学科提供新的视角，以深入了解大脑疾病。
