Niamkey J T, Yao H, Matanga J, Ekou A, Kouamé I, N'Guetta R
Service des explorations externes de l'Institut de cardiologie d'Abidjan, BPV 206 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Service des soins intensifs et de cardiologie interventionnelle de l'Institut de cardiologie d'Abidjan, BPV 206 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris). 2021 Feb;70(1):13-17. doi: 10.1016/j.ancard.2020.07.006. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
Coronary artery disease is mainly due to atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of peripheral arterial disease in proven coronary artery disease and to determine the associated factors in our context.
We included in a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study 224 patients with proven coronary artery disease confirmed on coronary angiography from March 1 to October 30, 2019. It took place in the external exploration department of the Abidjan Heart Institute. An ultrasonographic exploration of the supra-aortic trunks and arteries of the lower extremity with measurement of the ankle brachial index (ABI) was carried out.
The mean age was 57.4±10.9 years (27-81years). There was a clear male predominance with a sex-ratio of 5. The prevalence of carotid artery disease was 56.4% of patients. The main factors associated with elevated Intima Media Thickness (IMT) and the presence of carotid plaques were male sex (OR=8.8; P=0.038), smoking (OR=2.5; P=0.049) and multi-truncular involvement (OR=3.2; P=0.014). In the lower extremities, there was a prevalence of peripheral arterial disease of 48.5%. The main factors associated with the decrease of ABI were age ≥50 years (OR=2.6; P=0.043), diabetes (OR=2.8; P=0.02), dyslipidemia (OR=3.8; P=0.001) and pluri-truncular involvement (OR=4.5; P<0.0001).
The presence of significant coronary artery disease in our context is associated with a high prevalence of peripheral carotid artery and lower extremity artery disease. This is all the more so as we are male, over 50 years old, pluri-truncular with many cardiovascular risk factors.
冠状动脉疾病主要由动脉粥样硬化引起。本研究的目的是评估已确诊冠状动脉疾病患者外周动脉疾病的发生率，并确定我们研究背景下的相关因素。
我们纳入了一项横断面描述性和分析性研究，研究对象为2019年3月1日至10月30日在阿比让心脏研究所外部检查部门经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠状动脉疾病的224例患者。对主动脉弓上干和下肢动脉进行超声检查，并测量踝臂指数（ABI）。
平均年龄为57.4±10.9岁（27 - 81岁）。男性明显占主导，性别比为5。颈动脉疾病的患病率为56.4%。与内膜中层厚度（IMT）升高和颈动脉斑块存在相关的主要因素为男性（OR = 8.8；P = 0.038）、吸烟（OR = 2.5；P = 0.049）和多支血管受累（OR = 3.2；P = 0.014）。在下肢，外周动脉疾病的患病率为48.5%。与ABI降低相关的主要因素为年龄≥50岁（OR = 2.6；P = 0.043）、糖尿病（OR = 2.8；P = 0.02）、血脂异常（OR = 3.8；P = 0.001）和多支血管受累（OR = 4.5；P < 0.0001）。
在我们的研究背景下，显著冠状动脉疾病的存在与外周颈动脉和下肢动脉疾病的高患病率相关。尤其是对于男性、50岁以上、多支血管受累且有多种心血管危险因素的人群更是如此。
