Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
eScience Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Am J Prev Med. 2020 Oct;59(4):522-529. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2020.04.022.
Previous research on sugar-sweetened beverage trends has focused on self-reported consumption from surveys. Few studies used objective store sales or explored differences by area-level demographics and store type.
The average volume of beverages sold per store per 3-digit zoning improvement plan code from 2006 to 2015 was calculated using national Nielsen Retail Scanner point-of-sale data from 24,240 stores. A multilevel regression model analyzed annual trends, with random intercepts for state and separate models for beverage type (regular soda, no/low-calorie soda, other sugary drinks, 100% fruit juice, bottled water). Differences by store type (convenience, supermarkets, drug stores, mass merchandisers) and area-level demographics (categorized as tertiles) were examined. Data were analyzed in 2019.
The model-based estimates indicated that sales of regular soda (-11.8%), no/low-calorie soda (-19.8%), and 100% fruit juice (-31.9%) decreased over time, whereas sales of bottled water (+34.4%) increased and sales of other sugary drinks remained stable (+2.4%). Decreases in sugar-sweetened beverage sales were largely concentrated in supermarkets and larger in areas with high income and education levels and a high percentage of black and Hispanic people. There were also relatively larger increases in bottled water sales in states located in the South and Midwest.
The finding that sales of sugar-sweetened beverages decreased over time, whereas sales of bottled water increased is encouraging because sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is linked to obesity and other chronic conditions. This study provides a novel, rigorous assessment of U.S. beverage sales trends and differences by community and store characteristics.
之前关于含糖饮料趋势的研究主要集中在调查中的自我报告消费上。很少有研究使用客观的商店销售数据，也没有探讨按地区人口统计学和商店类型划分的差异。
使用全国尼尔森零售扫描器销售点数据，计算了 2006 年至 2015 年每个商店每个 3 位区号改善计划代码销售的饮料平均数量。使用多水平回归模型分析年度趋势，州为随机截距，分别为饮料类型（普通苏打水、低/无卡路里苏打水、其他含糖饮料、100%果汁、瓶装水）建立模型。还检查了商店类型（便利店、超市、药店、大型综合零售商）和地区人口统计学（分为三分位数）的差异。数据于 2019 年进行分析。
基于模型的估计表明，普通苏打水（-11.8%）、低/无卡路里苏打水（-19.8%）和 100%果汁（-31.9%）的销售额随时间推移而下降，而瓶装水（+34.4%）的销售额增加，其他含糖饮料的销售额保持稳定（+2.4%）。含糖饮料销售额的下降主要集中在超市，在收入和教育水平较高、黑人和西班牙裔人口比例较高的地区降幅较大。位于南部和中西部的州的瓶装水销售额也出现了相对较大的增长。
随着时间的推移，含糖饮料的销售额下降，而瓶装水的销售额增加，这一发现令人鼓舞，因为含糖饮料的消费与肥胖和其他慢性疾病有关。本研究对美国饮料销售趋势进行了新颖、严格的评估，并按社区和商店特点进行了差异分析。
