Xie Chun Mei, Wu Hai Ping, Ma Xue Ping, Zhou Guo Hua
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
Yi Chuan. 2020 Sep 20;42(9):870-881. doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.20-189.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused an ongoing pandemic of new coronavirus pneumonia (corona virus disease 2019, COVID-19). The virus has a long incubation period and strong infectivity, which poses a major threat to global health and safety. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid lies at the center of rapid detection of COVID-19, which is instrumental for mitigation of the ongoing pandemic. As of August 17, 2020, The National Medical Products Administration in China has approved 15 new coronavirus nucleic acid detection kits, 10 kits of which are based on reverse transcription-real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) technology. The remaining kits use five molecular diagnostic technologies different from RT-qPCR. This article reviews the principles, reaction time, advantages and disadvantages of above 15 detection kits, in order to provide references for rapid screening, diagnosis, prevention and control of COVID-19 and similar infectious diseases.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引发了新型冠状病毒肺炎（2019冠状病毒病，COVID-19）的持续大流行。该病毒潜伏期长且传染性强，对全球健康与安全构成重大威胁。SARS-CoV-2核酸检测是COVID-19快速检测的核心，对缓解当前大流行至关重要。截至2020年8月17日，中国国家药品监督管理局已批准15种新型冠状病毒核酸检测试剂盒，其中10种基于逆转录-实时定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）技术。其余试剂盒采用了五种不同于RT-qPCR的分子诊断技术。本文综述了上述15种检测试剂盒的原理、反应时间、优缺点，以便为COVID-19及类似传染病的快速筛查、诊断、预防和控制提供参考。
