低收入和中等收入国家青年主观幸福感的跨国差异:结构因素和微观层面因素的作用。
Cross-national variation in the subjective wellbeing of youth in low and middle income countries: The role of structural and micro-level factors.
作者信息
Mutumba Massy, Schulenberg John
机构信息
Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA, Tel: +1734-647-0323.
Institute for Social Research and Department of Psychology, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248.
出版信息
J Youth Stud. 2020;23(2):252-268. doi: 10.1080/13676261.2019.1597257. Epub 2019 Mar 26.
Subjective wellbeing (i.e. life satisfaction and happiness) impacts youth's social, economic and political participation. Prior studies have documented cross-national variation in subjective wellbeing of adults but there is a lack of data on the prevalence and correlates of subjective wellbeing among youth in low and middle income countries. This paper utilizes data from an international dataset - Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys to assess the influence of structural and micro-level factors on the subjective wellbeing of youth (ages 15 - 24) in 29 countries or regions in Eastern Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa. We find that within countries, global life satisfaction and happiness are associated with age, education attainment, place of residence, marital status, household wealth and exposure to mass media. Significant interactions between age, gender and education are observed. However, none of the country level development indicators account for cross-national variation in youth's SWB although there is some indication that income inequities between countries may influence youth's SWB. The findings underscore the need for objective measures of subjective wellbeing to understand the conditions in LMICs.
主观幸福感(即生活满意度和幸福感)会影响年轻人的社会、经济和政治参与度。先前的研究记录了成年人主观幸福感的跨国差异,但低收入和中等收入国家缺乏有关年轻人主观幸福感的患病率及其相关因素的数据。本文利用国际数据集——多指标类集调查的数据,评估结构和微观层面因素对东欧、拉丁美洲、亚洲和非洲29个国家或地区15至24岁年轻人主观幸福感的影响。我们发现,在各个国家内部,全球生活满意度和幸福感与年龄、教育程度、居住地点、婚姻状况、家庭财富以及接触大众媒体的情况有关。观察到年龄、性别和教育之间存在显著的相互作用。然而,尽管有迹象表明国家之间的收入不平等可能会影响年轻人的主观幸福感,但没有一个国家层面的发展指标能够解释年轻人主观幸福感的跨国差异。这些发现强调了需要采用主观幸福感的客观衡量标准来了解低收入和中等收入国家的情况。
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