Laboratorio Arvedi di Diagnostica Non Invasiva, CISRiC, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Bell'Aspa 3, 26100 Cremona, Italy; Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy.
Laboratorio Arvedi di Diagnostica Non Invasiva, CISRiC, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Bell'Aspa 3, 26100 Cremona, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 7/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2021 Jan 15;245:118926. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118926. Epub 2020 Sep 9.
A micro-sample detached from a historical bowed string instrument represents a valuable record of the materials used by the great Masters of violin-making art. It allows researchers to collect a wealth of information and to disclose - at least partially - their procedures for finishing and varnishing. In the present work, a set of four cross-sectioned micro-samples - collected from well-preserved bowed string instruments made by Antonio Stradivari and Lorenzo Storioni - are investigated by Synchrotron Radiation (SR) FTIR micro-spectroscopy in reflection mode. SR-FTIR spectra are discussed both as point analysis and as univariate and multivariate chemical maps. The same cross-sections are also investigated by optical microscopy under UV light and SEM-EDX. Moreover, data obtained directly from the musical instruments by a non-invasive approach employing a portable reflection FTIR spectrometer are also considered. FTIR investigation of the cross-sections is a challenging task for such brittle and complex layered micro-samples. Nevertheless, the high intensity of the analytical SR beam used in reflection geometry allowed us to obtain informative FTIR spectra and to fully preserve the integrity of the samples. Both the non-invasive and the micro-invasive reflection FTIR approaches can reveal the materials spread on the wood surface to finish the musical instruments. The fingerprint of Lorenzo Storioni's production around 1790 emerged from the study of the cross-sectioned samples, definitely different from the technique of Stradivari.
从历史上的弓弦乐器上取下的微样本代表了制琴大师所用材料的有价值记录。它使研究人员能够收集大量信息，并至少部分揭示他们的完成和上漆程序。在本工作中，通过同步辐射（SR）FTIR 反射模式对从保存完好的安东尼奥·斯特拉迪瓦里（Antonio Stradivari）和洛伦佐·斯托里奥尼（Lorenzo Storioni）制作的弓弦乐器上采集的四组微样本进行了研究。SR-FTIR 光谱既作为点分析，也作为单变量和多变量化学图进行了讨论。同样的横截面也通过紫外光下的光学显微镜和 SEM-EDX 进行了研究。此外，还考虑了通过使用便携式反射 FTIR 光谱仪的非侵入性方法直接从乐器上获得的数据。对于这种易碎且复杂的分层微样本，FTIR 对横截面的研究是一项具有挑战性的任务。然而，在反射几何中使用的分析性 SR 光束的高强度使我们能够获得有信息量的 FTIR 光谱，并完全保留样品的完整性。非侵入性和微侵入性反射 FTIR 方法都可以揭示用于完成乐器的木材表面上的材料。通过对微样本的研究，洛伦佐·斯托里奥尼（Lorenzo Storioni）的 1790 年左右的作品指纹明显不同于斯特拉迪瓦里（Stradivari）的技术。
