Biological and Health Psychology Department, School of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Center for Biomedical Technology, 28223 Madrid, Spain; Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia.
School of Psychological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia.
Ageing Res Rev. 2020 Dec;64:101173. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101173. Epub 2020 Sep 19.
For decades, researchers have tried to understand the moderating effect of APOE ε4 carriage on the relationship between physical activity (PA), brain health and dementia risk. However, this field has produced inconsistent findings.
We conducted a systematic review of the literature, searching for observational and interventional studies examining the effect of APOE ε4 carriage on the relationships between PA, dementia risk and different markers of brain health.
Observational studies using dementia risk as a primary outcome measure generally found that in shorter follow-up periods (up to 10 years) both APOE ε4 carriers and non-carriers benefit from PA, although longer follow-ups showed mixed results. In neuroimaging studies, mainly carriers or both groups showed benefits. Additionally, the association between PA and amyloid burden was more evident among carriers. Overall, studies with greater samples of active APOE ε4 carriers are more likely to report benefits within this group in terms of lower dementia risk and reduced brain pathology.
Although we have identified some patterns for the modulating effect of APOE ε4 on PA and dementia or brain pathology, the available data is, overall, inconclusive. Heterogeneity in study design, methodology, and outcomes blur the ability to detect clear associations.
几十年来，研究人员一直试图理解 APOE ε4 携带对体力活动 (PA)、大脑健康和痴呆风险之间关系的调节作用。然而，该领域的研究结果并不一致。
我们对文献进行了系统回顾，搜索了观察性和干预性研究，以检查 APOE ε4 携带对 PA、痴呆风险和不同大脑健康标志物之间关系的影响。
使用痴呆风险作为主要结果测量的观察性研究通常发现，在较短的随访期（长达 10 年）内，APOE ε4 携带者和非携带者都从 PA 中受益，尽管更长的随访期显示出混合结果。在神经影像学研究中，主要是携带者或两组都显示出益处。此外，PA 与淀粉样蛋白负担之间的关联在携带者中更为明显。总体而言，具有更多活跃 APOE ε4 携带者样本的研究更有可能报告该组在降低痴呆风险和减少脑病理学方面的益处。
虽然我们已经确定了 APOE ε4 对 PA 和痴呆或脑病理学的调节作用的一些模式，但现有数据总体上尚无定论。研究设计、方法和结果的异质性模糊了检测明确关联的能力。
