De Raat W K, Schulting F L, Burghardt E, De Meijere F A
Sci Total Environ. 1987 May;63:175-89. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(87)90044-1.
This paper reports the use of polyurethane foam (PUF) in the sampling of airborne mutagens too volatile to be retained by glass fibre filters. Air was sampled simultaneously with a glass fibre filter and PUF plugs, and the two extracts of the samples were tested for mutagenicity and analysed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). As PUF itself was found to contain mutagens, it was thoroughly rinsed, and a blank extract of the same PUF used for sampling was tested as a control. The resulting blank extracts were not mutagenic. In the first series of experiments, in which methanol was used as the extraction solvent, sampling induced clear-cut mutagenic effects in the PUF extracts. As the mutagenicity of the PUF itself appeared only with the use of methanol or other alcohols as extraction solvents, a second series of experiments was carried out in which acetone was used as the extraction solvent. In these experiments sampling induced no mutagenicity in the extracts. The discrepancy between the two series of experiments may be due to the absence of volatile mutagens in the second series, but another explanation may be an artefact induced by the solvent in the first series. Additional experiments suggest that sampling induces the formation, from PUF, of compounds mutagenic upon extraction with methanol. The study leads to the provisional conclusion that no volatile mutagens could be demonstrated in ambient air sampled by the use of PUF as an absorbent, notwithstanding the clear-cut effects of the filter extracts and the presence of volatile PAH in the PUF extracts.
本文报道了聚氨酯泡沫（PUF）在空气中挥发性极强以至于玻璃纤维滤器无法截留的诱变剂采样中的应用。空气采样时同时使用玻璃纤维滤器和PUF塞，对样品的两种提取物进行诱变性测试并分析多环芳烃（PAH）。由于发现PUF本身含有诱变剂，故对其进行充分冲洗，并将用于采样的相同PUF的空白提取物作为对照进行测试。所得空白提取物无诱变性。在第一系列实验中，使用甲醇作为提取溶剂，采样在PUF提取物中诱导出明显的诱变效应。由于PUF本身的诱变性仅在使用甲醇或其他醇类作为提取溶剂时出现，因此进行了第二系列实验，其中使用丙酮作为提取溶剂。在这些实验中，采样在提取物中未诱导出诱变性。这两个系列实验之间的差异可能是由于第二系列中不存在挥发性诱变剂，但另一种解释可能是第一系列中溶剂诱导的假象。额外的实验表明，采样会导致从PUF中形成在用甲醇提取时具有诱变性的化合物。该研究得出初步结论，尽管滤器提取物有明显效应且PUF提取物中存在挥发性PAH，但使用PUF作为吸收剂采样的环境空气中未发现挥发性诱变剂。
