Institute of Telecommunications and Multimedia Applications (iTEAM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Unidad Mixta de Investigación IEO-UPV, Tinglados Muelle Frutero, 46370 Grau de Gandia, Valencia, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Sep 18;20(18):5353. doi: 10.3390/s20185353.
Passive acoustic monitoring systems allow for non-invasive monitoring of underwater species and anthropogenic noise. One of these systems has been developed keeping in mind the need to create a user-friendly tool to obtain the ambient noise indicators, while at the same time providing a powerful tool for marine scientists and biologists to progress in studying the effect of human activities on species and ecosystems. The device is based on a low-power processor with ad-hoc electronics, ensuring that the system has efficient energy management, and that the storage capacity is large enough to allow deployments for long periods. An application is presented using data from an acoustic campaign done in 2018 at El Gorguel (Cartagena, Spain). The results show a good agreement between theoretical maps created using AIS data and the ambient noise level indicators measured in the frequency bands of 63 Hz and 125 Hz specified in the directive 11 of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Using a 2D representation, these ambient noise indicators have enabled repetitive events and daily variations in boat traffic to be identified. The ship noise registered can also be used to track ships by using the acoustic signatures of the engine propellers' noise.
被动声学监测系统允许对水下物种和人为噪声进行非侵入式监测。该系统的开发考虑到需要创建一个用户友好的工具来获取环境噪声指标，同时为海洋科学家和生物学家提供一个强大的工具，以研究人类活动对物种和生态系统的影响。该设备基于一个低功耗处理器和特定的电子设备，确保系统具有高效的能源管理，并且存储容量足够大，可以允许长时间部署。本文提出了一种应用，该应用使用了 2018 年在西班牙卡塔赫纳的 El Gorguel 进行的声学活动的数据。结果表明，使用 AIS 数据创建的理论图谱与在欧盟海洋战略框架指令 11 中指定的 63 Hz 和 125 Hz 频带中测量的环境噪声水平指标之间存在良好的一致性。使用二维表示，可以识别重复性事件和船只交通的日常变化。通过使用发动机螺旋桨噪声的声学特征，还可以利用记录的船舶噪声来跟踪船舶。
