The Department of Medicine Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Sep 18;21(18):6855. doi: 10.3390/ijms21186855.
Purinergic G-protein-coupled receptors are ancient and the most abundant group of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The wide distribution of purinergic receptors in the cardiovascular system, together with the expression of multiple receptor subtypes in endothelial cells (ECs) and other vascular cells demonstrates the physiological importance of the purinergic signaling system in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. This review discusses the contribution of purinergic P2Y receptors to endothelial dysfunction (ED) in numerous cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Endothelial dysfunction can be defined as a shift from a "calm" or non-activated state, characterized by low permeability, anti-thrombotic, and anti-inflammatory properties, to a "activated" state, characterized by vasoconstriction and increased permeability, pro-thrombotic, and pro-inflammatory properties. This state of ED is observed in many diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, sepsis, and pulmonary hypertension. Herein, we review the recent advances in P2Y receptor physiology and emphasize some of their unique signaling features in pulmonary endothelial cells.
嘌呤能 G 蛋白偶联受体是古老的，也是最丰富的 G 蛋白偶联受体 (GPCR) 家族之一。嘌呤能受体在心血管系统中的广泛分布，以及多种受体亚型在内皮细胞 (ECs) 和其他血管细胞中的表达，表明嘌呤能信号系统在心血管系统调节中的生理重要性。本综述讨论了嘌呤能 P2Y 受体在多种心血管疾病 (CVDs) 中对内皮功能障碍 (ED) 的贡献。内皮功能障碍可定义为从“平静”或非激活状态向“激活”状态的转变，其特征为低通透性、抗血栓和抗炎特性，“激活”状态的特征为血管收缩和通透性增加、促血栓形成和促炎特性。这种 ED 状态可见于许多疾病，包括动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、高血压、代谢综合征、败血症和肺动脉高压。在此，我们综述了 P2Y 受体生理学的最新进展，并强调了它们在内皮细胞中的一些独特信号特征。
