Santé publique France, French national public health agency, Normandy regional office, 76100, Rouen, France.
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s boulevard 40, 16973, Solna, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Sep 22;20(1):1441. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09499-3.
In 2016-2017, a European-wide circulation of genotype IA hepatitis A virus was responsible for hepatitis A outbreaks in men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to describe the outbreak investigation in Seine-Maritime department (France) and the control measures implemented accordingly.
Outbreak description used data from mandatory reporting and enhanced surveillance of male cases. Confirmed case was genotype IA isolated, possible cases had no reported genotype information. Targeted control measures included communication on sexual practices at risk of hepatitis A transmission and two vaccination campaigns in April 2017 and January 2018. Characteristics of cases and vaccinees were described. We reported the best communication channel for relaying outbreak information and control measures based on the monitoring of social network activities and feedback from vaccinees.
During the outbreak period (December 2016 to December 2017), a total of 48 confirmed outbreak cases and 30 possible outbreak cases were notified. Among them, 69 were male (88%). Two epidemic waves were observed. Cases encountered their partners through gay-dating apps (54%) and in one specific sauna (62%). In response to the outbreak, two vaccination campaigns were deployed. A total of 156 MSM were vaccinated, of whom 56 in a truck parked beside the sauna. Most of the vaccinees had been informed about the campaign through dating apps (44%). Community-based organizations involved in sexual health promotion and other gay social media were very proactive in sharing information about the outbreak and promoting the vaccination campaign through their social media account and also on site (gay venues). Vaccinees reported the same sexual practices at risk of hepatitis A transmission as cases.
In response to this massive hepatitis A outbreak that affected mostly MSM in Seine-Maritime department, vaccination campaign remained the cornerstone of prevention. Prevention officers from the community-based organization played a key role in vaccination promotion. Gay-dating apps and outdoor sessions of vaccination allowed to effectively reach MSM. Cost-effectiveness studies might analyze the interest of a continuous sexual health promotion including vaccination against hepatitis A in MSM through dating apps and social networks.
2016-2017 年，欧洲范围内基因型 IA 型甲型肝炎病毒的传播导致了男男性行为者（MSM）中的甲型肝炎暴发。本研究旨在描述法国诺曼底地区的暴发调查情况以及相应实施的控制措施。
暴发描述使用了强制性报告和对男性病例进行强化监测的数据。确诊病例为基因型 IA 分离株，可能病例无报告基因型信息。有针对性的控制措施包括针对甲型肝炎传播风险的性行为传播方面的沟通以及 2017 年 4 月和 2018 年 1 月的两次疫苗接种活动。描述了病例和接种者的特征。我们根据对社交网络活动的监测和接种者的反馈，报告了传播暴发信息和控制措施的最佳沟通渠道。
在暴发期间（2016 年 12 月至 2017 年 12 月），共报告了 48 例确诊暴发病例和 30 例可能暴发病例。其中，69 例为男性（88%）。观察到了两波疫情。病例通过同性恋约会应用程序（54%）和一家特定的桑拿浴室（62%）结识了他们的伴侣。针对疫情，开展了两次疫苗接种活动。共接种了 156 名 MSM，其中 56 人在桑拿浴室旁的卡车上接种。大多数疫苗接种者通过约会应用程序（44%）了解到了疫苗接种活动。参与性健康促进和其他同性恋社交媒体的社区组织非常积极地通过他们的社交媒体账户和现场（同性恋场所）分享有关疫情和推广疫苗接种活动的信息。接种者报告了与病例相同的甲型肝炎传播风险性行为。
针对影响诺曼底地区大多数 MSM 的大规模甲型肝炎暴发疫情，疫苗接种活动仍然是预防的基石。来自社区组织的预防人员在疫苗接种推广方面发挥了关键作用。同性恋约会应用程序和户外疫苗接种活动使 MSM 能够有效参与。成本效益研究可能会分析通过约会应用程序和社交网络为 MSM 提供包括甲型肝炎疫苗接种在内的持续性健康促进的益处。
